background: leber hereditary optic neuropathy (lhon) is an inherited form of bilateral optic atrophy leading to the loss of central vision.  the primary cause of vision loss is mutation in the mitochondrial dna (mtdna), however, unknown secon­dary genetic and/or epigenetic risk factors are suggested to influence its neuropathology.  in this study folate gene polymor­phisms were examined as a po...

UNLABELLED Targeting the folate receptor (alpha-FR) with radiolabeled folates for the noninvasive diagnosis and therapy of alpha-FR-overexpressing neoplastic tissue is of great interest. However, the tumor uptake of folate-based radiotracers was shown to be low compared with the high renal retention of radioactivity attributable to alpha-FR expression in the proximal tubule cells. In order to i...

A new type of multifunctional polymeric micelle drug carrier for active intracellular drug delivery was prepared and characterized in this study. The micelle is a nano-supramolecular assembly with a spherical core-shell structure, and its surface and core were modified with piloting molecules for cancer cells and pH-sensitive drug binding linkers for controlled drug release, respectively. In or...

Most low-molecular-weight platinum anticancer drugs have short blood circulation times that are reflected in their reduced tumor uptake and intracellular DNA binding. A platinum(IV) complex of the formula c, c, t-[Pt(NH 3) 2Cl 2(O 2CCH 2CH 2CO 2H)(O 2CCH 2CH 2CONH-PEG-FA)] ( 1), containing a folate derivative (FA) at an axial position, was prepared and characterized. Folic acid offers a means o...

In this study, folate-functionalized hybrid polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared as carriers of low water solubility paclitaxel for tumor targeting, which were composed of monomethoxy-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactide)-paclitaxel (MPEG-PLA-paclitaxel) and d-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS)-folate (TPGS-FOL). NPs with various weight ratios of MPEG-PLA-paclitaxel a...

Photodynamic therapy works through photo activation of a specific photosensitizer in tumor the presence oxygen. PDT is widely applied oncology to treat various cancers as it has minimally invasive procedure and high selectivity, does not interfere with other treatments, can be repeated needed. A large amount reactive oxygen species (ROS) singlet generated cancer cell during PDT, which destroys ...

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) hold great therapeutic promise for cancer indications; however, treating tumors with intratumor heterogeneity remains challenging. We hypothesized that ADCs can simultaneously target two different antigens could address this issue. Here, we report controlled production and evaluation of bispecific chemically functionalized tumor-targeting small molecules. Enzyme-...

Developing efficient methods for targeting cancer cells and encapsulating drugs coupled with activated release holds enormous potential for cancer cell imaging and therapy. Herein, a novel dual-targeted nanocarrier was developed on the basis of gold nanoparticles modified with a dense shell of synthetic oligonucleotides. The folic acid functionalized single-stranded DNA was designed to target t...