Fouling behavior along the length of membrane module was systematically investigated by performing simple modeling and lab-scale experiments of forward osmosis (FO) membrane process. The flux distribution model developed in this study showed a good agreement with experimental results, validating the robustness of the model. This model demonstrated, as expected, that the permeate flux decreased ...

Fertiliser-drawn forward osmosis (FDFO) desalination has been recently studied as one feasible application of forward osmosis (FO) for irrigation. In this study, the potential of membrane scaling in the FDFO process has been investigated during the desalination of brackish groundwater (BGW). While most fertilisers containing monovalent ions did not result in any scaling when used as an FO draw ...

In this research, polyvinylchloride based composite heterogeneous cation exchange membranes were prepared by the solution casting technique. Chitosan-co-iron nickel oxide nanoparticles were utilized as membrane surface modifier to improve the membranes electrochemical properties. The effect of additive nanoparticle concentration in the modifier solution on the properties of composite membranes ...

This study aimed to investigate the effect of Gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) concentration (0.5%, 1%, and 2%) on performance polysulfone (PSF) membrane. The membranes were fabricated by a common phase inversion method. was determined based pure water flux, bovine serum albumin (BSA) permeation test. These characterized FTIR contact angle measurements. highest BSA rejection 53%. optimum membrane (2 % ...

To reduce the membrane fouling in an immersed membrane bioreactor (MBR) during the treatment of food wastewater, an additional continuous stirring was introduced. The results showed that both a better membrane performance and a higher degradation efficiency for food wastewater were obtained. The membrane contributed mostly in concentrating the activated sludge. The bioreactor ensured the degrad...

The oxidation process is one of the most important natural processes. Oxidative change in retina is believed to be an important process in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. In the present study, the oxidation flux change was assessed in such cases. The simulation test to determine the oxidation flux change based on nanomedicine technique was used. Of interest, no flux change could be de...

A voltage-gated channel, called VDAC (mitochondrial porin) is known to be responsible for most of the metabolite flux across the mitochondrial outer membrane. Here, direct measurements of ATP flux through VDAC channels reconstituted into planar phospholipid membranes establish that VDAC is sufficient to provide passage for ATP efflux from mitochondria. Further, the gating of the channel can shu...

Bio-fouling is a serious problem in many membrane-based separation processes for water and wastewater treatment. Current state of the art methods to overcome this are to modify the membranes with either hydrophilic additives or with an antibacterial compound. In this study, we propose and practise a novel concept to prevent bio-fouling by developing a killing and self-cleaning membrane surface ...

The current study presents synthesis and characterization of high impact polystyrene - TiO2 nanoparticles mixed matrix membranes for separation of carbon dioxide from nitrogen. The solution-casting method was used for preparation of membranes. The nano mixed matrix membranes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy to ensure the suitable dispersion of nano particles in high impact ...