There is a growing need for coastal and marine restoration, but it not clear how to pay given that environmental funding low, national budgets are stretched in response natural hazards. We use risk-industry methods find coral reef mangrove restoration could yield strong Return on Investment (ROI) flood risk reduction shorelines across more than 20 Caribbean countries. These results robust chang...

climate is the most important factor which control desertification .in order to detect climate changes in desert zones, time trend analysis is applied to extreme indices in kashan station using extreme climate index software (ecis). results show significant trends in extreme indices during the past decade 1995-2004 and the pronounced warming is associated with a negative trend in cold extremes....

The design rainfall intensity and its return period of the combined interceptor sewer is an important factor affecting overflow (CSO) occurrence. However, we often use ratio (or multiple, n0) to sewer, equivalent ignored. In this study, a low formula modeling method was proposed estimate period. First, new event separation approach especially developed, minimum interevent time (MIET) set concen...

The design of flood defences, such as pumping stations, takes into consideration the predicted return periods of extreme precipitation depths. Most commonly these are estimated by fitting the Generalised Extreme Value (GEV) or the Generalised Pareto (GP) probability distributions to the annual maxima series or to the partial duration series. In this paper, annual maxima series of precipitation ...

Abstract. China is one of the most flood-prone countries, and development within floodplains intensive. However, flood protection levels (FPLs) across country are mostly unknown, hampering present assertive efforts on risk management. Based flood-protection prescriptions contained in national policies, this paper develops a dataset likely FPLs for investigates granted to different demographic g...

The influence of initial state variables on flood forecasting accuracy by using conceptual hydrological models is analyzed in this paper and a novel flood forecasting method based on correction of initial state variables is proposed. The new method is abbreviated as ISVC (Initial State Variable Correction). The ISVC takes the residual between the measured and forecasted flows during the initial...

estimation of the magnitude and frequency of maximum instantaneous discharges and hydrographs are used for a variety of purposes, such as the design of bridges, culverts, flood-control structures; and the management and regulation of floodplains. fuller (1914), developed a flood-frequency formula based on analysis of flood peaks in hundred of streams to provide simple methods of estimating maxi...