Kinematics and dynamics of cable-driven parallel robots are affected by the cables used as force and motion transmitting elements. Flexural rigidity of these cables is of major interest to better understand dynamics of these systems and to improve their accuracy. The approach for modeling spatial cable dynamics, as presented in this paper, is based on the modified rigid-finite element method us...

Arc-shaped forceps are important in pharyngeal cancer surgery, endoscopic sinus surgery, and single port surgery. Rotating the gripper of an arc-shaped forceps with respect to its shaft axis can improve the manipulability of the forceps. Concentric pipe structures consisting of inner and outer pipes are often used for this purpose. The inner pipe transmits rotations from its proximal end to dis...

A beam is a structural element or member designed to support loads applied at various points along the element. Beams make up structure which an assembly of number elements. undergo displacement such as deflection and rotations certain important location centre bridge top building. I haveanalysed numerically two dimensional equation with one degree freedom form using finite method. The positive...