BACKGROUND A five-level version of the EuroQol five-dimensional (EQ-5D) descriptive system (EQ-5D-5L) has been developed, but value sets based on preferences directly elicited from representative general population samples are not yet available. The objective of this study was to develop values sets for the EQ-5D-5L by means of a mapping ("crosswalk") approach to the currently available three-l...

BACKGROUND The EQ-5D is a brief, generic measure of health status that can be easily incorporated into population health surveys. There are two versions of the EQ-5D for use in adult populations, one with 3 response levels in each of the instrument's 5 dimensions (EQ-5D-3L) and one with 5 levels in each dimension (EQ-5D-5L). We compared the two versions as measures of self-reported health statu...

BACKGROUND Some studies have reported a ceiling effect in EQ-5D-3L, especially in healthy and/or young individuals. Recently, two further levels have been included in its measurement model (EQ-5D-5L). The purposes of this study were (1) to assess the properties of the EQ-5D-5L in comparison with the standard EQ-5D-3L in a sample of young adults, (2) to foreground the importance of collecting qu...

We describe our early experience in applying our console log mining techniques [19, 20] to logs from production Google systems with thousands of nodes. This data set is five orders of magnitude in size and contains almost 20 times as many messages types as the Hadoop data set we used in [19]. It also has many properties that are unique to large scale production deployments (e.g., the system sta...

Let γ(G) and γ◦(G) denote the sizes of a smallest dominating set and smallest independent dominating set in a graph G, respectively. One of the first results in probabilistic combinatorics is that if G is an n-vertex graph of minimum degree at least d, then γ(G) ≤ n d (log d+ 1) In this paper, the main result is that if G is any n-vertex d-regular graph of girth at least five then γ◦(G) ≤ n d (...

We investigate the dynamic stochastic multicriteria decision making (SMCDM) problems, in which the criterion values take the form of log-normally distributed random variables, and the argument information is collected from different periods. We propose two new geometric aggregation operators, such as the log-normal distribution weighted geometric (LNDWG) operator and the dynamic log-normal dist...

The data systems, policies and procedures, corporate culture, and public face of an agency or institution make up its organizational interface. This case study describes how user interfaces for the Bureau of Labor Statistics website evolved over a five year period along with the larger organizational interface and how this co-evolution has influenced the institution itself. Interviews with BLS ...