The structural polarity of cellular microtubules can be visualized in situ by lysing cells in special buffers containing tubulin. Under these conditions, the tubulin polymerizes to form curved sheets which attach to the walls of the endogenous microtubules. When such decorated microtubules are cut in cross section and viewed in the electron microscope, they appear to bear hooks curving clockwis...

BACKGROUND Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is currently performed to diagnose and treat solitary pulmonary nodules (SPN). However, the intra-operative identification of deep nodules can be challenging with VATS as the lung is difficult to palpate. The aim of the study was to report the utility and the results of pre-operative computed tomography (CT)-guided hook wire localization of SPN....

1 intracellular trehalose required for recovery from saline stress in S. cerevisiae 2 3 4 Elena Garre and Emilia Matallana* 5 6 Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universitat de València, and 7 Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquímica y Tecnología de Alimentos, 8 CSIC, Valencia, SPAIN 9 10 11 Corresponding author: Departamento de Biotecnología, Instituto de Agroquím...

Thirty-four elements of an early modern human (EMH) were found in Tianyuan Cave, Zhoukoudian, China in 2003. Dated to 42,000-39,000 calendrical years before present by using direct accelerator mass spectrometry radiocarbon, the Tianyuan 1 skeleton is among the oldest directly dated EMHs in eastern Eurasia. Morphological comparison shows Tianyuan 1 to have a series of derived modern human charac...

In this paper we present, for any integer d, a description of the set of hooks in a d-symbol. We then introduce generalized hook length functions for a d-symbol, and prove a general result about them, involving the core and quotient of the symbol. We list some applications, for example to the well-known hook lengths in integer partitions. This leads in particular to a generalization of a relati...

Knowing the species-specific target strength (TS) allows converting volume backscattering to numerical abundance. Since acoustic surveys conducted for biomass assessment in Mediterranean Sea currently focus on echoes of two or three pelagic species, TS non-target species has seldom been investigated this basin. This is first study – horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus) and Atlantic chub (Sc...

Pain is the major sense in vertebrates that performs signaling and protective functions in the case of potential damage to the body. The problem of pain, which is of prime importance for humans, is extensively investigated in higher vertebrates [1], However, only a few works have attempted to study the sense of pain in fish. Verheijen [2] regarded a kind of "cough" observed in carps on damaging...

The fish hook is a commonly known tool used in recreational fishing, which one of the forms active, specialised tourism. As component fishing rod, intended to be anchored into mouth and hold on end line while landing it. However, context protection living aquatic resources Catch-and-Release (C&R) its role significance are becoming broader. In addition impact type efficiency, including Catch...

The present study investigated the catching performance and efficiency of natural mud shrimp (alive) (Upogebia pusilla), siliconized pellet in handline fishing. trials were performed Kıyıkışlacık Village Muğla province. main body is Ø 0.50 mm, leader snood are 0.27-0.30 length distance 10 cm 20 cm, respectively. Each has 3 hooks hook type 4 no straight. Catches from shrimp, bait retained separa...