From swarming bacteria to social interactions among humans, the emergence of patterns in nature is ubiquitous. Pattern formation is often governed by collective dynamics, wherein individual components of a system begin to move or organize in a coherent way. The generation of patterns in nonlinear dynamical systems is found in nearly all subfields of science and provides insight into some of the...

This paper addresses the significance of rare patterns in linguistic typology. In the Georgian nominal system, vowel deletion in the context of hiatus targets low vowels regardless of position. This pattern is extremely unusual (possibly unique) both in that it targets low vowels (Gouskova 2003) and in that the position of the vowel does not play a role in determining which vowel is deleted (Ca...

While organic farming is well established in Europe a nd USA, it is still catching up in Asian countries. The government of South Korea has implemented environmentally friendly farming that encompasses organic farming. Despite the promotion of environmentally friendly farming, it still has a low share in South Korea and partially converted farming has emerged in some districts of South Korea. H...

Fractals have experienced considerable success in quantifying the visual complexity exhibited by many natural patterns, and continue to capture the imagination of scientists and artists alike. Fractal patterns have also been noted for their aesthetic appeal, a suggestion further reinforced by the discovery that the poured patterns of the American abstract painter Jackson Pollock are also fracta...