Secondary kill of the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L)., by baits was reported to increase the overall control efficacy of bait products. However, most studies have been based on laboratory strains and small nymphs. We compared the secondary kill of four cockroach gel baits against various developmental stages of a laboratory (Jwax) and a field (Dorie) strain B. germanica. The four bai...

We evaluated the effects of interspecific competition on ant bait performance with two urban pest ants, the Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr), and the little black ant, Monomorium minimum (Buckley). In a laboratory study, the impact of a solid sulfluramid bait on M. minimum was diminished when L. humile were present, whereas the presence of M. minimum reduced the performance of a liquid ...

Degradation and bioavailability of imidacloprid, fipronil, and bifenthrin applied at label rates ([AI], wt:wt in soil) in the loamy soil of Nebraska were determined over a 6-mo duration. Based on the calculated half-lives of the three termiticides, it was concluded that the degradation rate was lowest when a termiticide was applied at the highest label rate. Bioassays of Reticulitermes flavipes...

In recent decades, the increasing use of pesticides to improve food productivity has led release effluents that contaminate environment. To prepare a material may help treat generated during agricultural practice, we used new method based on non-hydrolytic sol-gel route obtain zinc photocatalysts in aluminophosphate matrixes. IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, differential sc...

transfer of fipronil’s lethal effect was studied against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki. Donor workers were topically dosed with 2 different doses and placed together with recipient workers at 3 different donor-recipient ratios to observe recipient mortality at designed intervals for 20 days. recipients exposed to donors treated at10 ng a.i./donor yielded full...

In ecosystems, a variety of biological, chemical and physical stressors may act in combination to induce illness in populations of living organisms. While recent surveys reported that parasite-insecticide interactions can synergistically and negatively affect honeybee survival, the importance of sequence in exposure to stressors has hardly received any attention. In this work, Western honeybees...

The assessment of agropharmaceuticals' side effects requires more realistic simulations of field conditions than those deduced from the dose-lethality relation obtained under laboratory conditions. Because the presence of sublethal doses or concentrations may also alter the behavior of foraging insects, we attempted to devise a quantifiable and accurate protocol for evidencing various alteratio...

Systemic insecticides are applied to plants using a wide variety of methods, ranging from foliar sprays to seed treatments and soil drenches. Neonicotinoids and fipronil are among the most widely used pesticides in the world. Their popularity is largely due to their high toxicity to invertebrates, the ease and flexibility with which they can be applied, their long persistence, and their systemi...

Abstract The red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), is a serious invasive alien around the world and has expanded its range to Pacific Rim since early 2000s. It was first reported in Japan 2017, entry through cargo been numerous times many ports. Colonies have found Tokyo Port 2019, now it an urgent issue prevent further invasion establishment. Chemical contro...

Abstract Chemical pesticides are essentially hazardous. The risks differ from compound to compound, and much of the information on their actions insect development remains be captured. toxicity abamectin (a macrocyclic lactone, acting glutamate-gated chloride channels insects), fipronil phenylpyrazole, disrupting GABA receptors) was given embryos short-horned grasshopper Heteracris littoralis (...