This article reviews and assesses, in terms of availability, reliability and transparency, existing policy and outcome indicators that have been found to be linked both directly and indirectly to economic growth and living standards. Indicators aiming at capturing the political and social situation of countries, as well as governance-related issues, are examined (e.g., political system, politic...

• Business transformation and SAP consolidation programs, primarily to protect investments in existing IT systems and tools. • Global shared service centers and control centers for better utilization of resources and to ensure transparency in financial control across organizations. • Increased regulatory requirements, along with the persistent pressure to reduce the cost of compliance and assur...

We developed a strategic-planning model to optimize BMW’s allocation of various products to global production sites over a 12-year planning horizon. It includes the supply of materials as well as the distribution of finished cars to the global markets. It determines the investments needed in the three production departments, body assembly, paint shop, and final assembly, for every site and the ...

We generalize standard delegation models to consider policymaking when both information and authority are dispersed among multiple actors. In our theory, the principal may delegate partial authority to a privately-informed agent while also reserving some authority for the principal’s use after observing the agent’s decision. Counterintuitively, the equilibrium amount of authority delegated to t...

This study was aimed to present a model for social responsibility of audit firms using the grounded theory method. To this end, the components and dimensions of social responsibility model of audit firms were identified and explained. The research method was applied in terms of purpose, mixed (qualitative-quantitative)exploratoryin termsof datatype, anddescriptive-correlationalinterms of data c...

trust, along with transparency, is an important indicator of a satisfactory relationship between a government and the public. considering transparency as the key to trust in government, the purpose of this paper is to postulate a link between transparency and trust taking into account satisfaction as a psychological factor. this paper tries to find the answer of these questions: “is there any s...

Previous research indicated that the daily liquidity effect, or the change in the federal funds rate associated with an exogenous change in Fed balances, varies with several factors including the day of the maintenance period. In this paper, we examine data from 1998 to 2007, the recent period of increased Federal Reserve transparency before the financial crisis, and find that the liquidity eff...