In property rights theory, financial contracting structures can align property rights to promote entrepreneurial firm innovation. I first provide novel estimates that strategic alliances have 6% to 11% higher overall innovative success rates compared to corporate VC and independent VC, respectively. Then, using a matched quasi-experiment in clinical trials to decompose selection (endogenous mat...

Bütün insanlar doğuştan eşit, suçlardan beri ve bazı haklarla mücehhez olarak doğar. Haklara sahip olma haklardan yararlanma noktasında ırkın, cinsiyetin, sosyal statünün, soyun herhangi bir etkisi yoktur. Bazı biyolojik yetersizliklerin ehliyet arızalarının bulunması durumu hariç, haklara yararlanmada eşit konuma sahiptir. İslam hukukçularının genel teorine göre her insan zimmet diye isimlendi...

Serving as lender of last resort to countries experiencing unsustainable levels of public debt, international financial institutions have attracted intense controversy over the past decades, exemplified most recently by the popular discontent expressed in Eurozone countries following several rounds of austerity measures. In exchange for access to financial assistance, borrowing countries must s...

In April 2003 the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission proposed the Wholesale Power Market Platform (WPMP) for common adoption by U.S. wholesale power markets. The WPMP is a complicated market design encompassing real-time, day-ahead, ancillary, and financial transmission rights markets. Variants of the WPMP have been adopted in various parts of the U.S. (e.g., New England), but other regi...

In this letter, the performance of millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications with selection combining (SC) over non-identical fluctuating two-ray (FTR) fading channels is analyzed. Consequently, exact expressions and asymptotic approximations at high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime moment generating function (MGF) probability density (PDF) maximum FTR variates are provided. To effect, mathemat...

Ferredoxin:thioredoxin reductase (FTR) is a heterodimeric Fe&z.sbnd;S containing disulfide reductase involved in the light-dependent activation of photosynthetic enzymes. We have designed a dicistronic construct for the heterologous expression of this nucleus encoded chloroplast protein in Escherichia coli. The coding sequences for the two mature subunits have been inserted in tandem into the e...

This paper examines the effect of financial frictions on the strength of the monetary transmission mechanism. Credit channel theory implies that the transmission mechanism of monetary policy should be stronger in countries with high levels of financial frictions, all else equal. The intuition is that in these countries, external finance premiums are more sensitive to firms’ financial leverage. ...