Studies had shown that oxygenated compounds are important in food products. It seems that extraction methods had a profound influence on this factor. The goal of the present study is to investigate on flavor components of Murcott mandarin obtained using cold-press and hydro distillation. In the last week of January 2012, at least 50 mature fruit were collected from many parts of the same trees....

Studies had shown that oxygenated compounds are important in food products. It seems that extraction methods had a profound influence on this factor. The goal of the present study is to investigate on flavor components of Murcott mandarin obtained using cold-press and hydro distillation. In the last week of January 2012, at least 50 mature fruit were collected from many parts of the same trees....

This article proposes stochastic conditional duration (SCD) models with ‘‘leverage effect’’ for financial transaction data, which extends both the autoregressive conditional duration (ACD) model (Engle and Russell, 1998, Econometrica, 66, 1127–1162) and the existing SCD model (Bauwens and Veredas, 2004, Journal of Econometrics, 119, 381–412). The proposed models belong to a class of linear nong...

Regulators dedicate much attention to a financial institution’s option to default, i.e. the option that distressed financial institutions have to transfer losses to their creditors. It is generally recognized that the existence of this option provides intermediaries with a powerful incentive to keep firm capital close to the minimal requirement. We argue, however, that undercapitalization harms...

On June 26th, 2004, Central bank governors and the heads of bank supervisory authorities in the Group of Ten (G10) countries issued a press release and endorsed the publication of International Convergence of Capital Measurement and Capital Standards: a Revised Framework, the new capital adequacy framework commonly known as Basel II. According to Jean Claude Trichet, Chairman of the G10 group o...

Most defined contribution (DC) pension plans give their members a degree of choice over the investment strategy for their contributions. Many plans also offer a ‘default’ fund for members unable or unwilling to choose their own investment strategy. We analyse the range of default funds offered by UK ‘stakeholder’ DC plans, which by law must offer a default fund. We find the default funds are ty...

This paper looks at the relationship between negative news and stock markets in times of global crisis, such as the 2008/2009 period. We analysed one year of front page banner headlines of three financial newspapers, the Wall Street Journal, Financial Times, and Il Sole24ore to examine the influence of bad news both on stock market volatility and dynamic correlation. Our results show that the p...

Grenoble taxpayers were not very happy to pay local taxes up to 1992 for covering the financial deficit from the 1968 Winter Games! The 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal outperformed Grenoble Winter Olympics in terms of deficit: the latter was so deep that Montreal taxpayers had been repaying the debt until 2006, for thirty years. After Montreal's financial mess, the number of candidate cities w...