The intensity of recent turbulence in financial markets has surprised nearly everyone. This paper searches out the root causes of the crisis, distinguishing them from scapegoating explanations that have been used in policy circles to divert attention from the underlying breakdown of incentives. Incentive conflicts explain how securitization went wrong, why credit ratings proved so inaccurate, a...

The majority of electronic data today is in textual form. Financial data such as articles in the Wall Street Journal are written as texts. These electronic documents contain a wealth of information but require human interpretation. For financial analysis, rapid up-to-date information is critical. Most software tools currently require data which are better structured than text (such as data in r...

With the growth of Enterprises and organizations, the paper-based systems are replaced with software systems. These software systems are built to support a multitude of users with a variety of roles accessing the resources from anywhere and at any time. These operations are regulated through proper definition of Access control policies (Permissions); this plays a major role in protecting the sy...

We empirically investigate the effects of the adoption of Regulation Fair Disclosure (“Reg FD”) by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission in October 2000. This rule was intended to stop the practice of “selective disclosure,” in which companies give material information only to a few analysts and institutional investors prior to disclosing it publicly. We find that the adoption of Reg FD c...

We propose a principled risk-based framework that enables organizations or complex systems to jointly perform financial planning and human-resource management functions in an environment characterized by uncertainty in demand and supply and by other exogenous factors. This framework consists of a set of risk-based capacity planning models and methods that, first, allow for a rigorous quantifica...

The Disaster Deficit Index (DDI) measures macroeconomic and financial risk in a country according to possible catastrophic scenario events. Extreme disasters can generate financial deficit due to sudden and elevated need of resources to restore affected inventories. The DDI captures the relationship between the economic loss that a country could experience when a catastrophic event occurs and t...

This research lies in using science and information technology to improve the existing investment framework. A framework, called EFPIF (e-Financial Process Integration Framework), was proposed that can come to financial information and investment analysis integration, and provide an interaction framework to investors, investment advisory corporation, dealer in securities, bank, and quoted compa...

Because of its potential role in providing ecosystem services and private benefits (food security), the concern about the loss of agrobiodiversity has grown. We explore the links between agrobiodiversity and farm financial benefits in small-scale agroecosystems. We measured crop diversity in a subsistence-oriented agricultural production system: home gardens (n=250) in the Iberian Peninsula. We...

Background and Objectives: Many Iranian public hospitals are faced with serious financial challenges such as shortage of income and heavy debts. Nevertheless, many of the healthcare services are often remained unearned for not being included in the clinical records or patient bill, resulting in considerable loss of legitimate hospital in‌come. Given the limited studies in this area in Iran, the...