In the past two decades the topic of beliefs about language learning has been attracting considerable research interest. The first to conduct a systematic research into the nature of language learning beliefs was Elaine Horwitz of the University of Texas at Austin, who developed the Beliefs About Language Learning Inventory (BALLI). This instrument has since been used to assess learners’ belief...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship among spiritual and religious beliefs and practices, social support, and diabetes self-care activities in African Americans with type 2 diabetes, hypothesizing that there would be a positive association. METHOD This cohort study used a cross-sectional design that focused on baseline data from a larger randomized control tria...

conclusions there was a moderate level of knowledge, practices, perceives and beliefs in nurses and students for the importance of hand hygiene. compliance with the importance of hand hygiene in infection control is complex, and perceptual factors concerning hand hygiene, in addition to an individual’s knowledge could affect the behaviors related to hand hygiene compliance. background the curre...

1. Foundationalists and coherentists disagree over the structure of the part of the mental state corpus that is relevant for epistemic achievement Given the goals of a theory of epistemic justification and the trajectory of the debate over the last three decades, it is not difficult to see how structural questions possess a kind of immediacy. In order to undertake an epistemic evaluation of a b...

BACKGROUND Pain catastrophizing, appraisals of pain control, styles of coping, and social support have been suggested to affect functioning in patients with low back pain. We investigated the relation of chronic pain coping strategies to psychological variables and clinical data, in patients treated surgically due to lumbar disc herniation and coexisting spondylotic changes. MATERIAL AND METH...

It is widely believed in the literature that inventory ‡uctuations are destabilizing to the economy. This paper re-assesses this view by developing an analyticallytractable general-equilibrium model of inventory dynamics based on a precautionary stockout-avoidance motive. The model’s predictions are broadly consistent with the U.S. business cycle and key features of inventory behavior, includin...

Background: Patients with psychotic disorders especially those have delusions show a greater level of non-adherence to prescribed psychiatric medication. Aim: aimed explore the relation between conviction, preoccupation delusion and adherence medication among clients. Subjects Method: A descriptive correlational research design was operated. 110 patients suffering from delusional beliefs recrui...

Background There is still a poor understanding of the effects of pneumoperitoneum with insufflation of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) on malignant cells, and pneumoperitoneum has a negative impact on cardiopulmonary responses. A novel saline-filled laparoscopic surgery (SAFLS) is proposed, and the technical feasibility of performing saline-filled laparoscopic partial hepatectomy (LPH) was evaluated i...

A typical discrete-time sequential decision problem involves a system whose state is assumed to evolve either deterministically or probabilistically over time-periods that are often called stages. This evolution is affected by the decisions a planner makes at the beginning of each stage after observing the system state. The decision maker’s goal then is to optimize some measure of system perfor...

Chronic pain, when not effectively treated and relieved, may have a harmful effect on all aspects of health-related quality of life (HRQL). Furthermore, pain beliefs are considered an important mediating psychological factor in chronic pain. The present study focused on HRQL as measured by the Medical Outcomes Survey-Short Form (SF-36) and addressed possible relationships between pain beliefs a...