Subcategorization data has been crucial for various NLP tasks. Current method for automatic SCF acquisition usually proceeds in two steps: first, generate all SCF cues from a corpus using a parser, and then filter out spurious SCF cues with statistical tests. Previous studies on SCF acquisition have worked mainly with written texts; spoken corpora have received little attention. Transcripts of ...

In this paper we present the first Arabic sentence dataset for on-line handwriting recognition written on tablet pc. The dataset is natural, simple and clear. Texts are sampled from daily newspapers. To collect naturally written handwriting, forms are dictated to writers. The current version of our dataset includes 154 paragraphs written by 48 writers. It contains more than 3800 words and more ...

This paper proposes a method of sentence-style conversion for generating spontaneous Japanese speech in a text-to-speech synthesis system. Since written language is different from spoken language linguistically, the speech by direct reading of written Japanese texts might be unnatural. The method takes a fully rulebased approach to convert the sentence style and to complement sentences, which a...

the phenomenon of intertextuality is the important phenomena critique at contemporary critics. it is a common relationship between two texts or number of texts in an evoking manner. contemporary critics consider this phenomenon of different aspects such as sources, forms and species. religion and religious heritage of the most important sources that inspired poets and writers since ancient and ...

We appreciate the reviewer for careful reading and helpful comments that improve quality of the manuscript. As indicated in the following point-by-point responses, we have incorporated the reviewer’s comments and suggestions into the revised manuscript. We have conducted additional analyses, modified texts, figures, and tables, and added several new figures and references in the revised manuscr...

persian-hebrew texts are written in hebrew orthography. their records go back to the period before the essential books about drugs’ nature, the first persian text in arabic orthography by abu mansour mowaffaq herawi which was inscribed by assadi tousi in 447 a.h. therefore, it seems very important to scrutinize such texts for the study of persian language. one of the most important samples of p...

The influence of Eric Griffiths looms large in this book. In his 1989 study The Printed Voice of Victorian Poetry, Griffiths examines the negotiation between spoken and written language that is central to the reading of Victorian poetry. In The Art of Eloquence, Matthew Bevis uses a similarly comparative approach to the languages of speech and writing as the basis for his analysis of the relati...

We report on the evaluation of information structural annotation according to the Linguistic Information Structure Annotation Guidelines (LISA, (Dipper et al., 2007)). The annotation scheme differentiates between the categories of information status, topic, and focus. It aims at being language-independent and has been applied to highly heterogeneous data: written and spoken evidence from typolo...

Three different approaches are considered in this paper to deal with the methods of Pattern Classification and Recognition. The main patterns considered are images representing the alphabet of cursive-scripts languages, particularly Arabic alphabet. The practical results of written scripts recognition led to the possibility of applying the main ideas and criteria to written and spoken texts and...

Writing is no longer an individual activity but an interactive process through which social abilities of the learners are reinforced. To promote interaction in the writing class, collaboration has been suggested to be advantageous. The present study aimed to examine the impact of practicing in pairs on the writing fluency of Iranian EFL learners. To this end, an OPT test was administered to fem...