Patients drinking more than 100 g alcohol/day for longer than three years develop atrophy of striated muscle fibres. This predominantly affects type 2B fibres which are dependent on anaerobic glycolytic metabolism. Atrophy of type 1 and type 2A fibres, which in addition use aerobic mitochondrial respiration, only occurs in the most severe cases and then only to a lesser degree. Abstention from ...

Based on the scalar Helmholtz equation and the finite-difference approximation, we formulate a matrix eigenvalue problem for the calculation of propagation constants, β(ω), in micro-structured optical fibres. The method is applied to index-guiding fibres as well as air-core photonic bandgap fibres, and in both cases qualitatively correct results are found. The strength of this approach lies in ...

Nuclei have been enumerated in muscle fibres of different physiological properties within adult rats and rabbits. Almost invariably, and regardless of muscle type, there is a direct relationship between the cross-sectional area (or fibre breadth) of muscle fibres and the number of nuclei within them. The one exception occurred in muscles of older rats where increased nuclear numbers do not alwa...

OBJECTIVES To study the relation between occupational exposure to ceramic fibres during manufacture and respiratory health. METHODS The respiratory health of 628 current employees in the manufacture of ceramic fibres in seven European plants in three countries was studied with a respiratory questionnaire, lung function tests, and chest radiography. Simultaneous plant hygiene surveys measured ...

Guinea pig and rat sciatic nerves were fixed with cacodylate-buffered aldehydes and OsO4, and were stained with ferric ion and ferrocyanide. Cytoplasmic surfaces of the non-myelinated nodal axon membrane of A-fibres display distinct electron-dense aggregates of stain. These aggregates were not observed in association with the paranodal or internodal axolemma. The membranes of C-fibres exhibit n...

Scanning electron microscopy of lung tissue, ashed at low temperature, and obtained from an insulation worker who had died of pleural mesothelioma, showed the presence of numerous inorganic particles and fibres. A regional variation in fibre concentration in different tissue samples was found, and the size distribution of naked fibres and asbestos bodies was determined. By energy dispersive x-r...

227 The scientists at University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA reported the production and characteristics of natural cellulose fibres obtained from the leaves and stems of Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum Linn.). The composition, structure and properties of fibres obtained from the leaves and stem of switchgrass have been evaluated in comparison to the common natural cellulose fibre...

Cutaneous afferent activity was recorded in fascicles of the median and radial nerves of normal subjects using percutaneous microelectrodes. Multi-unit fascicular responses were dominated by activity in large myelinated fibres. Easily tolerated electrical stimuli evoked the full spectrum of fast and slow myelinated fibre activity but more intense levels were required to activate unmyelinated fi...

Retractable targets of carbon fibres with nominal diameters of 30, 7 and 4.5 Wm have been in use at the collision point of the SLC (the SLAC Linear Collider) . The target mechanism is compatible with the Mark II detector now in place at the collision point. Beam profiles are measured in horizontal and vertical axes by using magnetic dipoles to scan the beams across the fibres . Two signal detec...

This chapter looks at the problem of crossing fibres in diffusion MRI of the brain. Diffusion tensor imaging only gives us a single fibre direction, but fibres within single image voxels can adopt complex configurations. In particular, fibre crossings cause problems in diffusion tensor imaging that can result in failure of tractography or misleading indices of tissue integrity. Here we will stu...