BACKGROUND FMH quantification is necessary to calculate an individual dose of prophylactic anti-RhD immunoglobulin and to diagnose fetal anaemia causes. We encountered a healthy woman with a numerous RBCs containing fetal haemoglobin (HbF). AIMS To investigate the cause of this sign and the correct evaluation of fetal RBCs in maternal circulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients samples and ...

In the area of fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring, different sizes and multifunctional ultrasound based systems are used. All these systems are invasive but cannot be use for long term monitoring applications. The objective of this paper is to evaluate a fetal peak detection algorithm which is applied to all the abdominal channels without threshold (amplitude threshold free) that is threshold in...

Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology 2008, 21:323–331 Purpose of review To evaluate the impact of recent research on the management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia in the light of new theories on embryological development, earlie antenatal diagnosis, fetal and postnatal interventions together with advances in perinata intensive care. Recent findings The year 2007 provided in excess of 200 publ...

the umbilical vein (uv) has a non pulsating and even pattern in normal fetuses. pulsation of uv has been described in severely growth restricted fetuses with chronic hypoxia. we wanted to see whether uv pulsations could also be seen in fetuses with heart deceleration during labor, as an adjunctive measure to assess the intra partum hypoxia. in a prospective study doppler examination was perform...

mother's mental health status during pregnancy has important effects on fetal growth and development. however, there are few studies concerning association of maternal depression and biophysical profile (bpp) of the fetus. we performed this research to know if maternal depression has any association with fetal bpp score. for measuring depression, farsi version of patient health questionnaire-9 ...

By the use of ultrasound, chemical analysis and histologic techniques, the knowledge of embryo and fetal growth and developments is increasing steadily.  It has been demonstrated that the fetus can respond to sound, bright light and touch. Accordingly, works on fetal responses to external stimuli during the third trimester may ultimately lead to improve­ments in the techniques of antepartum fe...

The present study explores the hypothesis that arterial smooth muscle cells are organized into layers with similar phenotypic characteristics that vary with the relative position between the lumen and the adventitia due to transmural gradients in vasotrophic factors. A corollary hypothesis is that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a factor that helps establish transmural variations i...