High efficiency enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose to produce fermentable sugar is important for bioconversion lignocellulosic biomass liquid fuels and chemicals. In this study, a simple pretreatment with potassium permanganate used enhance the organosolv corn stover. It testified that, compared single pretreatment, KMnO4 assisted significantly increase yields carbohydrates through decreasi...

The goal of this study was to develop a fungal process for ethanol production from corn fiber. Laboratory-scale solid-substrate fermentation was performed using the white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium in 1 L polypropylene bottles as reactors via incubation at 37 degrees C for up to 3 days. Extracellular enzymes produced in situ by P. chrysosporium degraded lignin and enhanced saccharif...

The degradation of cell walls isolated from stems and leaves of perennial ryegrass by the anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix sp. strain CS3b was studied in a defined medium. The combined cellulose and hemicellulose fraction represented 53.1 (wt/wt) and 63.3% (wt/wt) of the dry weight of control grass leaf and stem cell walls, respectively. In both leaf and stem cell walls, glucose was the major ne...

D ental caries is a significant public health problem for a large proportion, of the Saudi population, especially the child segment. Preventive strategies tend to focus on dietary modification and the use of fluoride and pit and fissure sealants to increase the host resistance. Mutans streptococci (MS) in particular Streptococcus mutans is a major causative bacteria that are involved in dental ...

BACKGROUND Pretreatment chemistry is of central importance due to its impacts on cellulosic biomass processing and biofuels conversion. Ammonia fiber expansion (AFEX) and dilute acid are two promising pretreatments using alkaline and acidic pH that have distinctive differences in pretreatment chemistries. RESULTS Comparative evaluation on these two pretreatments reveal that (i) AFEX-pretreate...

The Hgt4 protein of Candida albicans (orf19.5962) is orthologous to the Snf3 and Rgt2 glucose sensors of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that govern sugar acquisition by regulating the expression of genes encoding hexose transporters. We found that HGT4 is required for glucose induction of the expression of HGT12, HXT10, and HGT7, which encode apparent hexose transporters in C. albicans. An hgt4Delta ...

BACKGROUND Drying is currently the most frequently used conservation method for cereal grain, which in temperate climates consumes a major part of process energy. Airtight storage of moist feed grain using the biocontrol yeast Pichia anomala as biopreservation agent can substantially reduce the process energy for grain storage. In this study we tested the potential of moist stored grain for bio...

Zygosaccharomyces rouxii is a fructophilic yeast than can grow at very high sugar concentrations. We have identified an ORF encoding a putative fructose/H(+) symporter in the Z. rouxii CBS 732 genome database. Heterologous expression of this ORF in a S. cerevisiae strain lacking its own hexose transporters (hxt-null) and subsequent kinetic characterization of its sugar transport activity showed...

Production of advanced biofuels from woody and herbaceous feedstocks is moving into commercialization. Biomass needs to be pretreated to overcome the physicochemical properties of biomass that hinder enzyme accessibility, impeding the conversion of the plant cell walls to fermentable sugars. Pretreatment also remains one of the most costly unit operations in the process and among the most criti...