Height is the result of many growth and development processes. Most of the genes associated with height are known to play a role in skeletal development. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the SPAG17 gene have been associated with human height. However, it is not clear how this gene influences linear growth. Here we show that a targeted mutation in Spag17 leads to skeletal malformations. Hind l...

Distal femur fractures routinely heal by secondary bone healing, which relies on interfragmentary motion. Periarticular locking plates are commonly used for fixation in distal femur fractures but are associated with a high nonunion rate, likely due to the stiffness of the constructs. Far cortical locking (FCL) screws are designed to allow micromotion at the near cortex while maintaining purchas...

This report describes the treatment of osetomyelitis of the femur of 9-month-old dog with the use of heterologous carbonated nanocrystal bone mineral and collagen, stabilised by a bone plate. In this dog, due to mistakes during earlier stabilisation, bone infection and sequestration had arisen. After antibiotic therapy, plating stabilisation was carried out. Osteosynthesis with the use of dynam...

Varus deformity can be localized in the tibia, in the femur or in both. If varus deformity is localized within the femur, it is mandatory to correct it in the femur. This report presents the technique and results of a consecutive case series of lateral uniplanar and biplanar closed-wedge valgus osteotomy of the distal femur for the treatment of varus deformity of the knee. Retrospectively, fift...

A mutation in LRP5 (low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5) has been shown to increase bone mass and density in humans and animals. Transgenic mice expressing the LRP5 mutation (G171V) demonstrate an increase in bone mass as compared to non-transgenic (NTG) littermates. This study evaluated LRP5 gene and gender-related influences on the structural and biomechanical strength properti...

The process of adaptive bone remodeling can be simulated with a self-optimizing finite element method. The basic remodeling rules attempt to obtain a constant value for the strain energy per unit bone mass, by adapting density. The precise solution is dependent on the loads, initial conditions, and the parameters of the remodeling rule. While there are several investigations on developing algor...

A total of 693 female U.S. Marine Corps recruits were studied with anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans of the midthigh and distal third of the lower leg prior to a 12 week physical training program. In this group, 37 incident stress fracture cases were radiologically confirmed. Female data were compared with male data from an earlier study of 626 Marine recruits exten...

Bone adaptation algorithms that predict the relationship between bone loads and density assume that bone is effectively isotropic. The isotropic assumption cannot explain bone anisotropy and directionality, which are evident from the trabecular architecture. We have modeled the trabecular bone in the proximal femur as effectively orthotropic. Instead of determining the density distribution, we ...

Distribution of clodronate in cancellous and cortical bone of the femur and in cancellous bone of lumbar vertebrae in adult rats was examined by means of quantitative autoradiography. In addition, the effects of clodronate on cancellous and cortical bone were evaluated by bone histomorphometry. Six-month-old male rats were given a mixture of unlabeled and 14C-labeled disodium clodronate subcuta...