Learning a foreign language is a challenging process in which learners need motivation and encouragement through the use of modern techniques. The present paper investigates the effects digital stories may have on Iranian pre-intermediate EFL learners’ listening comprehension. To this end, the researchers carried out a quasi-experimental research in a language institution in Tabriz (Iran). In t...

Demotivating factors can negatively influence the learners’ attitudes in learning English language. In the present study, demotivating factors and the strategies used to reduce demotivation among Iranian EFL learners were explored through both qualitative and quantitative research methods. İn the qualitative part of the study, semi-structured interviews including two main open-ended questions w...

The research described in this paper was supported by grants to Gregory M. Herek from the National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH43253) and the University of California Universitywide AIDS Research Program (R90-D068). The authors thank Karen Garrett, Tom Piazza, and Linda Stork of the Survey Research Center, University of California at Berkeley, for their assistance throughout the project, ...

Aggression and social spacing were studied in 14 light horse mares and their foals living at pasture. Focal samples were collected on each mare–foal dyad for 6 to 10.5 h from 2 months of foal age until weaning at approximately 4 months of age. Observations on foals continued until approximately 6 months of age for 7.5 to 10.5 h per foal. Every 2 min the identities of all individuals within 5 m ...

How do girls who have undergone female genital cutting understand the ritual? This study provides an analysis of the learning process and knowledge acquired in their meaning-making process. Eighteen participants were interviewed in qualitative indepth interviews. Women in Norway, mostly with Somali or Gambian backgrounds, were asked about their experiences of circumcision. Two different strateg...

Drawing on three Chinese translations of the lesbian chapter in Simone de Beauvoir’s The Second Sex, this paper examines at the micro level how the discussions on lesbianism in the work are translated and what role gender identity plays in the process of translation. Lesbianism has played an important part in feminism. However, homosexuality is still regarded as unacceptable to most Chinese peo...

The present study sought to investigate the comprehension of Garden-Path structures by Iranian EFL learners. 50 female students of Kharazmi English Language Institute in Karaj participated in this study. All of the participants were native speakers of Persian studying in Kharazmi English language institute in Karaj, Iran. They ranged from 18 to 30 in terms of age. The participants were administ...