The patterning of feeding and the quantity eaten in Aplysia californica with ad libitum food access cannot be explained by the effects of three variables previously shown to control the patterning of consummatory feeding responses and the quantity eaten in animals hand-fed individual meals. Feeding in ad libitum conditions is regulated primarily by varying the time between feeding bouts rather ...

Filter-feeding organisms are often keystone species with a major influence on the dynamics of aquatic ecosystems. Studies of filtering rates in such taxa are therefore vital in order to understand ecosystem functioning and the impact of natural and anthropogenic stressors such as parasites, climate warming and invasive species. Brine shrimps Artemia spp. are the dominant grazers in hypersaline ...

background: aspiration pneumonia is a potentially preventable illness requiring attention to small details of patient care. the type, management, and care of feeding should be carried out properly. materials andmethods: this is a prospective clinical study of enteral feeding on patients admitted to hospital with aspiration pneumonia. the known enteral nutritional methods, advantages,and disadva...

the infant feeding practices and the effects of factors such as mother’s educational level, primary health care, and family income on these practices in 531 households with 930 children 6-60 months of age were studied in rural areas of sirjan (kerman province), iran. the findings indicate that the majority of mothers (85%) breastfeed their infants and 86% of babies are fed the colostrums. the a...

serum albumin is the most aboundant protein in blood plasma. its two major roles aremaintaining osmotic pressure and depositing and transporting compounds. in this paper,albumin-methanol solution simulation is carried out by three techniques including montecarlo (mc), molecular dynamic (md) and langevin dynamic (ld) simulations. byinvestigating energy changes by time and temperature (between 27...

In this paper, before the implementation of ecological laboratory experiments, population interaction dynamics an algae-fish system were studied mathematically and numerically. The purpose study was to explore how filter-feeding fish affects growth algae population. Mathematically theoretical works have been pursuing investigation some key conditions for stability equilibrium existence Hopf bif...

ABSTRACT Metabolic conversions allow organisms to produce essential metabolites from the available nutrients in an environment, frequently requiring metabolic exchanges among co-inhabiting organisms. Here, we applied genomic-based simulations for exploring tri-trophic interactions sap-feeding insect whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), its host-plants, and symbiotic bacteria. The simplicity of this ecosy...

there is a relationship between infant feeding method and maternal postpartum depression (ppd). this study was carried out in an iranian population to compare the prevalence of ppd symptoms between breast feeding and non-breast feeding mothers for first time.four health centers in ahvas were selected by random sampling in 2009. at first 78 non-breast feeding mothers at two months postpartum wer...

Many mutualistic microbial relationships are based on nutrient cross-feeding. Traditionally, cross-feeding is viewed as being unidirectional, from the producer to the recipient. This is likely true when a producer's waste, such as a fermentation product, has value only for a recipient. However, in some cases the cross-fed nutrient holds value for both the producer and the recipient. In such cas...