Aerobic granular sludge is extremely promising for the treatment of effluents containing toxic compounds, and it can economically compete with conventional activated sludge systems. A laboratory scale granular sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was established and operated during 444 days for the treatment of an aqueous stream containing a toxic compound, 2-fluorophenol (2-FP), in successive phases...

Temperature control of processes that involve the heating and cooling of a closed batch reactor can be a real problem for conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) based loop controllers. This paper describes the application of a new industrial advanced process controller. This controller is designed to handle integrating type processes with long dead times and long time constants. Th...

Hybridization array technology is increasingly being used for the analysis of gene expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is a powerful technique in which the relative abundance of all the mRNA molecules transcribed under a particular condition may be simultaneously measured. However, most studies performed using this technique are carried out in batch culture where the growth rat...

Ammonia inhibition of biohydrogen production was investigated in batch and continuous flow reactors with glucose as a substrate. In batch tests, biohydrogen production rate was highly dependent on pH and ammonia (defined as the sum of NH3 of NH4+ species) concentrations above 2 g N/L. At pH = 6.2, the maximum production decreased from 56 mL/h at 2 g N/L to 16 mL/h at 10 g N/L. At pH = 5.2, prod...

This research examined novel configuration of SBAR in lab-scale for industrial wastewater treatment. To evaluate COD removal efficiency and granules formation of the novel reactor (R1), SBAR system (R2) was operated under similar conditions during the experimental period. R1 and R2 with working volume of 3.6 and 4.5 L were used to cultivate aerobic granules. Both reactors were operated for 4 hr...

Anaerobic sludge from palm oil mill effluent (POME) treatment plant was used as a source of inocula for the conversion of POME into hydrogen. Optimization of temperature and initial pH for biohydrogen production from POME was investigated by response surface methodology. Temperature of 60oC and initial pHof 5.5 was optimized for anaerobic microflora which gave a maximum hydrogen production of 4...

Traditionally polyester production is done in a batch reactor equipped with a separation column for batch distillation. A promising alternative for the intensification of this process is reactive distillation. In this paper, a reactive distillation model is developed for the synthesis of an unsaturated polyester process. The simulation results are compared with the industrial batch reactor outp...

Bottom-up neuroscience aims to engineer well-defined networks of neurons to investigate the functions of the brain. By reducing the complexity of the brain to achievable target questions, such in vitro bioassays better control experimental variables and can serve as a versatile tool for fundamental and pharmacological research. Astrocytes are a cell type critical to neuronal function, and the a...

With remarkable increase of genomic sequence data of a wide range of species, novel tools are needed for comprehensive analyses of the big sequence data. Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is an effective tool for clustering and visualizing high-dimensional data such as oligonucleotide composition on one map. By modifying the conventional SOM, we have previously developed Batch-Learning SOM (BLSOM), whi...