Aims While the disposition index provides a useful measure of B-cell function, its calculation requires the performance of a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT). Recently, the demonstration of a hyperbolic relationship between indices of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity derived from the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has led to the introduction of two no...

BACKGROUND Several studies have shown associations between hyperglycemia and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality, yet glucose-lowering treatment does little to mitigate this risk. We examined whether associations between hyperglycemia and CVD risk were explained by underlying insulin resistance. METHODS In 60 middle-aged individuals without diabetes we studied the associations ...

BACKGROUND Glucose, insulin and Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) are markers of insulin resistance. The objective of this study is to compare fasting glucose, fasting insulin concentrations and HOMA-IR in strength of association with incident cardiovascular disease. METHODS We searched the PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library dat...

AIM Fasting is characterised by profound changes in energy metabolism including progressive loss of body proteins. The underlying mechanisms are however unknown and we therefore determined the effects of a 72-hour-fast on human skeletal muscle protein metabolism and activation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a key regulator of cell growth. METHODS Eight healthy male volunteers were s...

Results The study population included 49 (47.6%) males and 54 (52.4%) females with a mean age of 7.6 ± 1.6 years. The advanced bone age group defined as BA-CA>1 year (n=53) had significantly higher HOMA-IR, fasting insulin levels and lower quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI). Also, BA-CA was significantly correlated with fasting insulin (r=0.315, P<0.001), HOMA-IR (r=0.288, P<...

BACKGROUND A fall in plasma concentration of energy status related hormones (leptin, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and insulin) and body energy expenditure occurs in response to short term fasting. Nevertheless, the relations of the fasting-induced changes in energy related hormones and metabolites with fasting energy expenditure (FEE) under extended fasting condition have received littl...

BACKGROUND Several observational studies have shown an association between increased circulating homocysteine and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D). We aimed to assess whether this relation is causal using genetic data from large populations of individuals of European descent. METHODS We investigated the association between homocysteine concentrations and blood glucose, plasma insulin, T2D in the...

OBJECTIVE To determine whether overweight Latino children with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (> or = 100 mg/dl) have increased insulin resistance or decreased beta-cell function compared with those with normal fasting glucose (NFG). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied 207 healthy overweight Latino children, aged 8-13 years, with a family history of type 2 diabetes. Fasting and 2-h glucose...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between obesity, fitness levels and cardiovascular (CVD) risk factors, and to identify the correlation between of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and carotid intima media thickness (IMT) in Korean adolescents. METHODS A total of 225 high school males with a mean age of 16.96±0.23 years...

AIM We studied the correlations between fasting and post-lunch serum IGF-I concentrations, and insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity in subjects with various degrees of glucose tolerance. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 12 nondiabetic subjects, 09 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 18 patients with newly diagnosed type-2 diabetes of either sex (mean age, 46 years) were r...