During the last decades, high-efficiency farming equipment has been developed in the agricultural sector. This has also included efficiency improvement of moving techniques, which include increased working speeds and widths. Therefore, the risk of wild animals being accidentally injured or killed during routine farming operations has increased dramatically over the years. In particular, the nes...

OBJECTIVE To determine the risk of prostate cancer associated with farming by duration, recency and specific activities among African-Americans and Caucasians. METHODS This population-based case-control study had information on farming-related activities for 405 incident prostate cancer cases and 392 controls matched for age, race and region in South Carolina, USA, from 1999 to 2001. Cases wi...

F. A. Pinheiro, V. A. Fedotov, N. Papasimakis, N. I. Zheludev 1 Instituto de Fı́sica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, 21941-972, Brazil 2 Optoelectronics Research Centre and Centre for Photonic Metamaterials, University of Southampton, United Kingdom and 3 Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences and The Photonics Instit...

J. B. González-Díaz, J. M. García-Martín, A. García-Martín, D. Navas, A. Asenjo, M. Vázquez, M. Hernández-Vélez, and G. Armelles Instituto de Microelectrónica de Madrid (IMM-CNM-CSIC), Isaac Newton 8, Tres Cantos, 28760 Madrid, Spain Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM-CSIC), Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain Department of Materials Science and Enginee...

We demonstrate a type of meta-atom for creating metamaterials with giant nonlinear optical activity but vanishing linear optical activity in a wide frequency range. Such properties are not found in any natural materials, and we call this regime as pure nonlinear optical activity. We further extend our design concept and show that the metamaterial can be tuned dynamically to exhibit either posit...

Clustering was used to divide dryland farming areas in western Iran into homogeneoussub-regions to identify dryland farming potential, considering drought impacts. Clusteringutilized eight algorithms/four indices to detect optimal number of clusters. Ward’s algorithmvalidated by Silhouette index, produced the best result by detecting 7 dryland farming clusters.Based on similar P/ETo values, fou...

Forest farming in North America is becoming popular as a way for landowners to diversify income opportunities, improve management of forest resources, and increase biological diversity. People have been informally " farming the forests " for generations. However, in recent years, attention has been directed at formalizing forest farming and improving it through research and development activiti...

This study endeavors to evaluate the effects of farmers’ training program on the adoption of improved farming practices, the output of rice farming, and the income as well as the profit from rice farming by employing an ex-post non-experimental data in Sierra Leone. It was established that participating in farmers’ training program increased the possibility of adoption of the improved farming a...

Pollination of insect pollinated crops has been found to be correlated to pollinator abundance and diversity. Since organic farming has the potential to mitigate negative effects of agricultural intensification on biodiversity, it may also benefit crop pollination, but direct evidence of this is scant. We evaluated the effect of organic farming on pollination of strawberry plants focusing on (1...

Organic sheep and goat farming is on the rise in Germany and the EU. Many consumers see organic farms as an example of the "intact world" of farming and rural living. Agrienvironmental schemes support conversion from conventional towards organic farming. Only few know how difficult organic sheep and goat farming is from animal welfare, ecological and economic perspective. Newcomers particularly...