This paper examines the dimensional complexity in voter perceptions of party left-right locations. Most theoretical and empirical research on electoral politics treats locations as based a one-dimensional ideological spectrum. We measure variation voters’ demonstrate that dimensionality varies widely. First, we generate measurement perceived placements apply this to data from Comparative Study ...

Why do voters in developed democracies support right-wing populist parties? Existing research focuses on economic and cultural vulnerability as driving this phenomenon. We hypothesize that perceptions of personal health might have a similar influence voters. To test argument, we analyzed all waves the European Social Survey (2002–2020). Our findings suggest with worse self-reported were signifi...

Abstract What motivated right-wing and conservative parties to endorse a policy of land expropriation redistribution in Brazil? I argue that urban-dominated endorsed agrarian reform order to: (i) reduce crime wealthier metropolises by reversing rural–urban migration; (ii) gain competitive advantage against left-wing challengers. To test this argument conduct process tracing, analysing over 500 ...