Abstract: In this paper, we aim to design and propose a novel structure for all-opticalhalf subtractor based on the photonic crystal. The structure includes two optical switches,one power splitter, and one power combiner. The optical switches are made of theresonant rings which use the nonlinear rods for dropping operation. The footprint of thedesigned structure is about...

The authors examine cohort trends in childhood income volatility among U.S. children born between 1970 and 1990. In contrast to previous studies that focused mainly on period trends, the adopt a cohort-life-course perspective measure children’s exposure from birth age 17, which provides more adequate account of economic environment during early life stages. Using data Panel Study Income Dynamic...

This research aims to examine how female family echelons (the presence on commisioner or director) effect leverage. Sample use in are 1374 firms years observation from nonbank and nonfinancial sector actived trade Indonesia Stock Exchange over 2011 2015. Using regression of fixed model, this finding suggest that firm less leverage than nonfamily firm. Proportion ownership, director insignifican...

MOTIVATION The constituent amino acids of a protein work together to define its structure and to facilitate its function. Their interdependence should be apparent in the evolutionary record of each protein family: positions in the sequence of a protein family that are intimately associated in space or in function should co-vary in evolution. A recent approach by Ranganathan and colleagues propo...

Failure to account for family structure within populations or in complex mating designs via uninformed applications of permutation testing will lead to inflated type I error rates. Careful consideration of the design factors is essential since some situations allow several valid permutation strategies, and the choice that maximizes statistical power will not always be intuitive.

The Rho family GTPases regulate many cellular functions including the organization, mechanics, and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton. Re-engineering the highly conserved autoinhibitory structure of GEFs, Yeh et al. (2007) generated novel synthetic proteins that regulated Rho GTPase signaling and cell morphology, highlighting the power of protein module engineering.

We briefly describe how to get the power of logarithm in the asymptotic for the number of vanishings in the family of even quadratic twists of a given elliptic curve. There are four different possibilities, largely dependent on the rational 2-torsion structure of the curve we twist. 1.