We study various classical secure computation problems in the context of fairness, and relate them with each other. We also systematically study fair sampling problems (i.e., inputless functionalities) and discover three levels of complexity for them. Our results include the following: – Fair exchange cannot be securely reduced to the problem of fair cointossing by an r-round protocol, except w...

Is There a Social Security Tax Wedge? A Beveridgean pension scheme invariably introduces a wedge between the wage rate and the marginal take-home pay. A Bismarckian one can do so only if it is not actuarially fair, or in the presence of credit rationing. Interestingly, if the two possible sources of distortion are present at the same time, they will tend to offset each other. The distortion may...

Ensuring adequate access to healthcare services by the people is a paramount goal of health care delivery policies in Nigeria. One of such initiatives is the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) that the government is test-running for ensuring adequate understanding of its modus operandi and likely constraints. This study examines household’s willingness to pay for National Health Insurance ...

We propose a token-bucket based rate control algorithm that satisfies both maximum and minimum rate constraints with computational complexity of O(1). The proposed algorithm allocates the remaining bandwidth in a strict priority queuing manner to the flows with different priorities and in a weighted fair queuing manner to the flows within the same priority. key words: token bucket, rate control...

Virtual Private Networks (VPN) and link sharing are cost effective way of realizing corporate intranets. Corporate intranets will increasingly have to provide Integrated Services for voice and multimedia traffic. Although packet scheduling algorithms can be used to implement Integrated Services in link sharing [1] and virtual private networks [2], their statistical multiplexing gains are limite...

In this paper, the effects of new methods for risk classification, e.g., genetic tests, on health insurance markets are studied using an insurance model with state contingent utility functions. The analysis focuses on the case of treatment costs higher than the patient's willingness to pay where standard models of asymmetric information are not applicable. In this case, the benefit from signing...

objective: the main objective of this research was the economic valuation of public library services using the contingent valuation. although, estimating the average willingness to pay for public library service, demographics on the willingness to pay, and economic valuation and pricing public library services were other objectives that investigated in this study. methodology: explanatory varia...