Partitioned Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of routine genetic data sets, constructed using MrBayes (Ronquist and Huelsenbeck 2003), can become trapped in regions of parameter space characterized by unrealistically long trees and distorted partition rate multipliers. Such analyses commonly fail to reach stationarity during hundreds of millions of generations of sampling-many times longer than mo...

Moving mesh methods based on the equidistribution principle (EP) are studied from the viewpoint of stability of the moving mesh system of differential equations. For fine spatial grids, the moving mesh system inherits the stability of the original discretized partial differential equation (PDE). Unfortunately, for some PDEs the moving mesh methods require so many spatial grid points that they n...

The transition between necking-mediated tensile failure of glasses, at elevated temperatures and/or low strain-rates, and shear-banding-mediated failure, high is investigated using experiments on metallic glasses atomistic simulations. We experimentally simulationally show that this occurs through a sequence macroscopic patterns, parametrized by the ultimate strength. Quantitatively analyzing s...

Shape, thickness and stacking sequence optimisation of a damage tolerant hybrid (GFRP-CFRP) composite laminate is performed using the commercial Optistruct solver. The results study are compared to both benchmark non-damage CFRP (without protective surface GFRP plies known as type 1 laminate) traditionally optimised CFRP-GFRP (having X shape 2 laminate), designed tested in previous study. manuf...

A key challenge in reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease is matching patients to treatments that are most appropriate for them. Different cardiac assessment tools have been developed to address this goal. Recent research has focused on heart rate motifs, i.e., short-term heart rate sequences that are overor under-represented in long-term electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings of patients ex...

We propose a model-driven method for ensuring the quality of pronunciation dictionaries. The key ingredient is computing an alignment between letter strings and phoneme strings, a standard technique in pronunciation modeling. The novel aspect of our method is the use of informative, parametric alignment models which are refined iteratively as they are tested against the data. We discuss the use...

A new generation of drugs targeting the non-structural (NS) proteins of the Hepatitis C virus (HCV) will substantially increase treatment success rates, reducing global infections. Amongst the NS proteins, the NS3 protease represents an important drug target, responsible for liberation of mature NS proteins from the nascent HCV polyprotein and suppression of host innate immunity. Despite this, ...

Consider performing a sequence of Bernoulli trials (each resulting in either success, denoted S, or failure F, with probability p and q := 1 - respectively) until one m specific strings (or patterns) consecutive outcomes is generated. This can be seen as game where players select such pattern each the whose occurs first wins. We present symbolic formulas for probabilities winning, mean number c...

In an experimental study the bond strength of stainless steel, ceramic and plastic brackets to bovine enamel was investigated by tensile testing. The brackets were cemented to the enamel using a conventional two-paste orthodontic bonding resin, a light-cured, fluoride-releasing adhesive, a no-mix-orthodontic bonding resin and a light-curing glass ionomer cement. For evaluation of the experiment...