rapidly increasing urbanization in the world, especially in developing countries, let to increasing urban extents. rapid urban growth causes to appearance many problems such as wasting environmental resources, inability of providing necessary services for citizens and unplanned growth. urban mangers and planners need tools for understanding amount and size of future urban growths to prevent the...

In today's scenario many audio/voice files are needed to be transmitted over internet for various important purposes. So protection of these files is an important issue. Efficient cryptographic methods are there to protect data but every thing depends on the protection of encryption key. That leads to single point failure. To overcome this drawback shared

Designing consumer products has grown more challenging due to the increasingly complex characteristics of these products. Design research has promoted the use of scenarios –concrete stories about product useto support the design process. However, design practice still lacks a thorough guidance that integrates various scenario uses effectively. In this paper, we describe a software concept that ...

Salmonellosis in people is a costly disease, much of it occurring because of food associated exposure. We develop a farm-to-fork model which estimates the pork associated Salmonella risk and human health costs. This analysis focuses on the components of the pork production chain up to the point of producing a chilled pork carcass. Sensitivity and scenario analysis show that changes that occur i...

This work presents a methodological approach for modelling the evolution of the hybrid demand order flow pattern over long time horizons. The hybrid demand is the result of the mutual interaction between the e-commerce and the traditional demand. Thus, its modelling requires a complex analysis at various aggregation levels. More specifically, it is necessary to establish the quantitative modell...

The series are ‘ideas in progress,’ after the notion described by I.J. Good in ‘The Scientist Speculates.’ Good also describes ideas about ideas as ‘partly baked ideas’ believing that “ ... it is often better to be stimulating and wrong than boring and right.” While these papers do not take this tenet as an excuse for licence at the expense of rigour, they are exploratory and the ideas may chan...

A unilateral contact problem without friction in quasi-coupled thermo-elasticity and with uncertain input data is analysed. The worst scenario method is used to nd the most "dangerous" admissible input data.

a r t i c l e i n f o The Combined Simulation Approach (CSA) is a way to evaluate risks and address potential unforeseen problems in a more interactive way than what is often observed in practice in companies or sectors. The approach is based on a combination of scenario analysis and discrete-event computer simulation with which the strategies can be continuously developed. The contribution of ...

Scenarios have proven useful to elicit, validate and document requirements but cannot be used in isolation. Our concern in this paper is to integrate scenario-based techniques in existing methods. We propose a set of operators to support such an integration. This set is classified in two sub-sets: the one dealing with the integration of the product models of the two initial methods and the one ...

Scenario analysis is a qualitative tool for policy analysis and business planning support that enables stakeholders and policymakers to consider decisions with enhanced awareness, due its cognitive implications for planned behavior. In this study, the role of scenario analysis is discussed in the context of the future development of the market of organic food products in Europe. The strengths a...