face expression recognition is useful for designing new interactive devices offering the possibility of new ways for human to interact with computer systems. in this paper we develop a facial expressions analysis and synthesis system. the analysis part of the system is based on the facial features extracted from facial feature points (ffp) in frontal image sequences. selected facial feature poi...

Intravenous contrast administration increases the sensitivity of computed tomographic scanning for enlarged cervical lymph nodes but requires a detailed knowledge of neck anatomy, especially in order to distinguish certain normal vessels from involved nodal groups. Along the collar chain, relations between the parotid and submandibular salivary glands and the posterior and anterior facial veins...

Arachnoid cysts involving the cerebellopontine angle are an unusual cause of hemifacial spasm. The case is reported of a 71-year old woman presenting with a right hemifacial spasm and an ipsilateral arachnoid cyst. Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging findings suggested a neurovascular compression caused by displacement of the facial-acoustic complex and the anterior inferior cerebellar arte...

Cooling of the skin over the medial supraorbital region in 80% of patients who have an occlusion or severe stenosis of a carotid artery can be demonstrated by facial thermography. Minor stenotic lesions in the carotid arteries do not produce characteristic thermographic changes, while thermography is of no help in the diagnosis of vertebrobasilar arterial disease.Thermographic changes suggestiv...

Face transplantation is a novel treatment for the reconstruction of massive facial defects. To date 13 cases have been performed. The technical aspects of a composite lower face transplantation including the tongue, floor of the mouth, and most of the mandible are detailed. The transplantation was performed in August 2009 in an HIV-positive, postoncologic patient. A preparatory surgery for nerv...

Designed as a true myocutaneous flap pedicled on the facial artery, the nasolabial flap is a robust and versatile flap that is well suited to single-stage reconstruction of oral cavity defects or to staged reconstructions of facial defects (Figure 1). This chapter will focus on oral cavity reconstruction. The redundant skin extending from the medial canthus of the eye to the inferior margin of ...

Two children born with birth defects after intrauterine exposure to valproic acid are reported. The mothers took the drug throughout pregnancy as sole treatment for primary generalized epilepsy. The first baby showed facial dysmorphism, arachnodactyly and triphalangeal thumbs. The second had facial dysmorphism, severe laryngeal hypoplasia, tracheomalacia and an aberrant innominate artery that c...

The lips are a complex laminated structure. When lost through injury or disease, they present a complex reconstructive challenge. The facial artery musculomucosal (FAMM) flap is a composite flap with features similar to those of lip tissue. In this article, the anatomy, dissection, and clinical applications for the use of the FAMM flap in lip and vermilion reconstruction are discussed. A series...

Holding a violin between shoulder and chin needs a special kind of muscle function. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether this kind of muscular activity is a modifying factor for facial growth in adolescence. The bony facial dimensions of 24 adolescent violin students attending colleges of music with a playing history of 5-11 years were measured from lateral and posteroante...