tems calibrators for metanephrines. The increase in sources of calibrators did not cause a decrease in the accuracy of the results during external quality control program in the 2004– 2006 period. The observed differences in published reference values for urinary metanephrines are not mainly because of analytical reasons but most probably are due to differences in the characteristics of referen...

The requirement that memory he superposition-free imposes a restrictive condition on the structure of neural models. A simple model which satisfies this condition consists of two levels of neurons, with primary level neurons tiring in response to external input and secondary (reference) neurons modifying activated primaries in such a way that they can later fire these primaries. Reference neuro...

Measurement of misfit at the implant-prosthesis interface is a difficult procedure. One factor common to all methods that attempt to measure 3-dimensional distortion to the micron level is the difficulty in providing verifiably consistent reference points between individual measurement sets. Consequently, the majority of studies use a relative distortion model in which the coordinate reference ...

We provide a systematic model of spatial reference frames. The model captures concepts underlying natural language expressions in English that represent both external and internal as well as static and dynamic relationships between entities. Our implementation in the functional language Haskell generates valid English sentences from situations and reference frames. Spatial reference frames are ...

We propose a general class of language models that treat reference as discrete stochastic latent variables. This decision allows for the creation of entity mentions by accessing external databases of referents (required by, e.g., dialogue generation) or past internal state (required to explicitly model coreferentiality). Beyond simple copying, our coreference model can additionally refer to a r...

Agent‐based ontology When two agents communicate with each other by means of a natural language, the speaker uses its external action interface to produce a sequence of language surfaces while the hearer uses its external recognition interface to identify the elements of the sequence. The sequence is time-linear in the sense that it is linear like time and in the Abstract Purpose: Medieval logi...

Different wind power projects have different external economics level, the practical evaluation on which can provide reference for wind power projects selection and qualify the role of completed projects. In this paper, the external economies of wind power engineering projects were evaluated by employing VIKOR method. The basic theory of VIKOR method was firstly introduced, and then the empiric...

according to the traditionists (akhbārīs), “inference of theoretical precepts from the external meanings of the qur’ān and the sunna of the prophet without reference to the infallible imams is not permitted. also, after enquiry into the sayings of the imams, if no contextual evidence is found, it has to be ceased and no recourse can be made to the above external meanings.” the reasons that akhb...