2 A General Firstand Second-Order Theory of Beam Transport Optics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2.1 The Vector Differential Equation of Motion . . . . . . . . 2.2 The Coordinate System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .’ . 2.3 Expanded Form of a Magnetic Field Having Median Plane Symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 Field Expansion to Second Order Only ....

A differential algebraic integration algorithm is developed for symplectic mapping through a three-dimensional (3-D) magnetic field. The self-consistent reference orbit in phase space is obtained by making a canonical transformation to eliminate the linear part of the Hamiltonian. Transfer maps from the entrance to the exit of any 3D magnetic field are then obtained through slice-by-slice sympl...

We calculate the Landauer conductance through chaotic ballistic devices in the semiclassical limit, to all orders in the inverse number of scattering channels without and with a magnetic field. Families of pairs of entrance-to-exit trajectories contribute, similarly to the pairs of periodic orbits making up the small-time expansion of the spectral form factor of chaotic dynamics. As a clue to t...

In drilling of composite laminates, it is important to minimize or reduce occurrences of delaminations. In particular, a peel-up delamination at entrance and push-out delamination at exit are common. Delaminations may be avoided by regulating the drill thrust force can be controlled by adjusting the feedrate of the drill. Dynamics involved in drilling of composite laminates is time varying and ...

Using the differential theory of light diffraction by finite cylindrical objects, we study light transmission through a small circular aperture in a metallic screen with concentric corrugation around the nanohole. Poynting vector maps in the region below the screen show that the field enhancement compared with an unstructured aperture is obtained with corrugation lying on the entrance face of t...

Abstract. We propose and develop a functional minimization weak-formulation treatment of possibly complex applied input/output conditions which handles either convective, adiabatic, or prescribed temperature at the entrance or the exit of parallel convective exchangers. This formulation permits to re-cast realistic three-dimensional exchangers into a two-dimensional eigenvalue problem which is ...

The dynamics and function of proteins were shown to be coupled to motions in the bulk solvent and the hydration shell [1]. Therein, three types of protein motions were identified: (i) Those that are coupled to the dielectric fluctuations in the bulk solvent, mainly associated with the few, large-scale conformational changes such as the entrance and exit of ligands; (ii) hydration-shell coupled ...

dan Dispensary suffering from the effects of a gunshot injury to his left thigh, received two years ago. The knee-joint and lower half of the thigh were enormously swollen, and at first sight suggested elephantiasis rather than an? other affection. Further examination showed that this swelling was due mainly to hypertrophy of the femur. The wounds of entrance and exit of the bullet had both cic...

Linear double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) viruses package their genome into a procapsid using an ATP-driven nanomotor. Here we report that bacteriophage phi29 DNA packaging motor exercises a one-way traffic property for dsDNA translocation from N-terminal entrance to C-terminal exit with a valve mechanism in DNA packaging, as demonstrated by voltage ramping, electrode polarity switching, and sedimenta...

Several studies have been conducted on tourists’ activities that are suitable for understanding the typologies of these activities as a whole in time and space using the sequence alignment method (SAM). In this study, we expanded this analysis using SAM to clarify the characteristics of tourists’ activities in detail. Corresponding data were acquired by conducting a survey among tourists visiti...