Protection against dangerous emissions is important in every context where combustion occurs and where there is a risk of people coming in contact with exhaust gases. It is furthermore the intention that people will be present in certain surroundings, such as road tunnels, mines and garages, and therefore will also be inhaling the emitted exhaust gases – in this case coming from vehicles and ma...

Almost three quarters of the hydrocarbon (HC) emissions emitted by an automobile in a typical drive-cycle are produced during the first three minutes of its operation called the coldstart period. In this paper, we propose a way to decrease cold start emissions. A Model-Based paradigm is used to aid the generation of an efficient controller. The controller is built around a mean value engine mod...

A method using thermal desorption sampling and analysis by proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTRMS) to measure long chain alkanes (C12–C18) and other larger organics associated with diesel engine exhaust emissions is described. Long chain alkanes undergo dissociative proton transfer reactions forming a series of fragment ions with formula CnH2n+1. The PTR-MS is insensitive to nalkanes...

An understanding of aircraft fuel burn and emissions is necessary to evaluate their effects on the environment. In this paper, data from Flight Data Recorders (FDRs) have been used to estimate the operational values of times in mode, fuel flow rates, fuel burn, NOx emission indices, and quantities of emissions produced during the Landing and Take Off (LTO) cycle for 12 aircraft-and-engine combi...

The catalytic purification of automobile exhaust gases (CO, NOx and hydrocarbons) is one of the most practiced conversion processes used to lower the emissions and to reduce the air pollution. Nevertheless, the good performance of exhaust gas purification catalysts often requires the high consumption of noble metals such as platinum. Here we report that the Brønsted acid sites on the external s...

Exhaust gases from internal combustion engines are the main source of urban air pollution. Quantification of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the exhaust gases is needed for emissions monitoring, enforcement, development, and testing of control technologies. The objective was to develop quantification of gaseous naphthalene in diesel engine exhaust based on diffusion-controlled extrac...

This paper presents an experimental investigation of various exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rates on the engine performance like brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption and brake power and engine exhaust gas emission parameters like nitrogen oxides(NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon(HC) and particulate matter (PM) for the fuel used in the engine. Four observations are ma...

The monitoring of human exposures to diesel exhaust continues to be a vexing problem for specialists seeking information on the potential health effects of this ubiquitous combustion product. Exposure biomarkers have yielded a potential solution to this problem by providing a direct measure of an individual's contact with key components in the exhaust stream. Spurred by the advent of new, highl...