There are certain assumptions about the baseline distribution and distribution of frailty. Mostly Weibull distribution is considered for baseline hazard but we consider some different baseline distributions. Mostly assumption of gamma distribution is considered for frailty distribution. In this paper also, we consider gamma distribution as frailty distribution and two different baseline distrib...

BACKGROUND Frailty remains an elusive concept despite many efforts to define and measure it. The difficulty in translating the clinical profile of frail elderly people into a quantifiable assessment tool is due to the complex and heterogeneous nature of their health problems. Viewing frailty as a 'latent vulnerability' in older people this study aims to derive a model based measurement of frail...

Introduction frailty is an increased vulnerability to adverse health outcomes, across multiple physiological systems, with both environmental and genetic drivers. The two most commonly used measures are Rockwood's frailty index (FI) and Fried's frailty phenotype (FP). Material and methods the present study included 3626 individuals from the TwinsUK Adult Twin Registry. We used the classical t...

In many instances, a subject can experience both a nonterminal and terminal event where the terminal event (e.g., death) censors the nonterminal event (e.g., relapse) but not vice versa. Typically, the two events are correlated. This situation has been termed semicompeting risks (e.g., Fine, Jiang, and Chappell, 2001, Biometrika 88, 907-939; Wang, 2003, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society,...

Frailty models are frequently used to analyse clustered survival data in medical contexts. The frailties, or random e ects, are used to model the association between individual survival times within clusters. Analysis of survival times of related individuals is typically complicated because follow up on an event type of interest is censored by events of secondary interest. Treating such competi...

In the field of survival analysis, when heterogeneity is suspected across study subjects, a model that can account for that variability is preferred. Moreover, an important and challenging task in that field is to efficiently select a subset of significant variables upon which the hazard function depends. To this end, frailty models along with the penalized likelihood methodology can be applied...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this manuscript was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Community Actions and Resources Empowering Seniors (CARES) model in measuring and mitigating frailty among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS The CARES model is based on a goal-oriented multidisciplinary primary care plan which combines a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) with health coaching. A to...

Composite outcomes are frequently adopted as primary endpoints in clinical trials as they consider fatal and non-fatal consequences of the disease under study and lead to higher event rates. Such analyses of time to first event are suboptimal for a chronic disease such as heart failure, characterised by recurrent hospitalisations, as information on repeats is ignored. We present a comparison of...

BACKGROUND The study was developed in order to find a subset of potential factors, which affect birth distance pattern, regarding consideration on correlation of events of birth in a family and correlation within clusters/centers which other studies omit these correlations. METHODS Referring to documents that were registered for family in the health care centers on socio-economical zone, we c...