We present an evaluation of daily estimates from three near real-time quasi-global Satellite Precipitation Products—Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA), Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN), and Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Morphing Technique (CMORPH)—over the African contine...

A complete understanding of the Earth’s hydrologic cycle necessarily dictates an ability to accurately quantify the global range of precipitation rates and types (rain, snow etc.). In turn, global observations of precipitation are most efficiently made from space. Great strides in the measurement of global tropical rainfall have occurred recently as a result of the NASA Tropical Rainfall Measur...

Distributed/semi-distributed models are considered to be sensitive to the spatial resolution of the data input. In this paper, we take a small catchment in high urbanized Yangtze River Delta, Qinhuai catchment as study area, to analyze the impact of spatial resolution of precipitation and the potential evapotranspiration (PET) on the long-term runoff and flood runoff process. The data source in...

Daily precipitation is recorded as the total amount of water collected by a rain-gauge in 24 h. Events are modelled as a Poisson process and the 24 h precipitation by a Generalized Pareto Distribution (GPD) of excesses. Hazard assessment is complete when estimates of the Poisson rate and the distribution parameters, together with a measure of their uncertainty, are obtained. The shape parameter...

This study presents a statistical analysis of the vertical structure of precipitationmeasured by NASA–Japan Aerospace ExplorationAgency’s (JAXA) Tropical RainfallMeasuringMission (TRMM) precipitation radar (PR) in the region of southern California, Arizona, and western NewMexico, where the ground-based NextGeneration Radar (NEXRAD) network finds difficulties in accurately measuring surface prec...

Projections of extreme precipitation are of great importance, considering the potential severe impacts on society. In this study a recently developed regional, non-stationary peaks-over-threshold approach is applied to two transient simulations of the RACMO2 regional climate model for the period 1950–2100, driven by two different general circulation models. The regional approach reduces the est...

A method for the colorimetric estimation of manganese by reduction of the phosphomolybdicphosphotungstic acid phenol reagent has been described (Abul-Fadl, 1948). Cobalt was also found to give a similar colour reaction in the presence (but not in the absence) of amino-acids. Conversion of cobalt into the cobaltinitrite did not affect its response to this reaction. As methods for the estimation ...

Rainfall estimation based on radar measurements has been an important topic in radar meteorology for more than four decades. This research problem has been addressed using two approaches, namely a) parametric estimates using reflectivity-rainfall relation (Z-R relation) or equations using multiparameter radar measurements such as reflectivity, differential reflectivity, and specific propagation...

Precipitation statistics from Global Measurement Core Observatory Dual-frequency Radar (GPM DPR) are underestimated due to systematic bias depending on the scanning angle. Over five years of GPM DPR KuPR Version 06A data, precipitation anomaly is −7 % and −2 over land ocean, respectively. This study improves estimation low-level precipitation-rate profiles detection shallow storms (with top hei...

The purpose of this study is to describe a new algorithm based on a neural network approach (Passive microwave Neural network Precipitation Retrieval – PNPR) for precipitation rate estimation from AMSU/MHS observations, and to provide examples of its performance for specific case studies over the European/Mediterranean area. The algorithm optimally exploits the different characteristics of Adva...