Despite the increasing scope for transactional approaches to corporate political activity (CPA) in emerging markets and rising concerns about the use of relational approaches, foreign firms in emerging economies appear to be reluctant to adopt transactional approaches to CPA. Using Resource Dependence theory we argue that criticality of resources, product diversification, integration with other...

Foreign outsourcing, otherwise known as off-shoring, has become a matter of intense public debate and great concern in the United States presidential contest, especially in light of the large job losses experienced by U.S. workers since George Bush became president. Yet, there is a lack of good data on foreign outsourcing since the early 1990s. This paper presents updated measures of foreign ou...

This EUSA Review Forum examines an increasingly important aspect of the EU’s global role: its pursuit of a common foreign, security, and (potentially) defense policy. Although the EU has made great strides in foreign policy cooperation over the past few decades, especially when compared to similar efforts in other regional organizations, it still faces a number of challenges in attempting to en...

Intraorbital foreign bodies, especially non-metallic ones, remain an important diagnostic and therapeutic problem. Organic foreign bodies contain large quantities of bacterial flora contributing to rapid onset of inflammation which may promptly damage the optic nerve. Further progression of inflammation may involve the structures of central nervous system. US examination is a preliminary, commo...

This paper describes the marine fish and invertebrate consumption in three of the world’s major seafood markets (the EU, Japan and the USA) using a series of global maps indicating the likely origin of the seafood consumed by each market. These maps display a high level of dependence by these markets on foreign sources as the serial depletion of local fisheries resources forced the fleets in se...

In the past 15 years, the adoption of subnational immigration policies in the United States, such as those established by individual states, has gone from nearly zero to over 300 per year. These include welcoming policies aimed at attracting and incorporating immigrants, as well as unwelcoming policies directed at denying immigrants access to public resources and services. Using data from a 201...

Using plant-level data for the Irish manufacturing sector over the period 1983-98, we study the coagglomeration of domestic plants and foreign multinationals in Ireland. To this end we make use of the index developed by Ellison and Glaeser (1997) and find coagglomeration to be important for a number of sectors. We further test for the impact of coagglomeration on domestic firms’ employment grow...

Firms use internationalization to access external resources to exploit technological knowledge or explore new market. However they face the paradox whether to build strong resources commitment to new foreign markets or continue resources allocations in other domains in existing markets. In this paper, we examine how newly listed firms overcome the paradox and initiate international activities a...