BACKGROUND Pharmacokinetic and/or pharmacodynamic changes, which may occur with increasing age, could alter the clinical profile of the new local anaesthetic levobupivacaine. We investigated the effect of age on the absorption and disposition kinetics and the neural block characteristics after epidural administration of levobupivacaine 0.75%. METHODS Thirty-one patients were enrolled in one o...

BACKGROUND Epidural haematoma is a rare, but potentially disastrous complication of epidural analgesia. Favourable neurological outcome depends upon early recognition and surgical decompression; therefore, the management of epidural analgesia should include a systematic approach to recognition of the signs of epidural haematoma. METHODS We conducted a national postal survey of the policies an...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Thoracic epidural blockade is a method of hypotensive anesthesia able to reduce bleeding during surgery. This non-comparative study aimed at evaluating the results of thoracic epidural blockade with 0.5% ropivacaine associated to propofol continuous infusion sedation in plastic surgery. METHODS Participated in this study 60 female patients aged 18 to 62 years, physic...

doses of opioids. Treatment is often unsatisfactory with few reports of success with sympathetic block, lumbar epidural blocks or epidural spinal cord stimulation [7–9] . We describe herein 2 patients with PLMT in whom analgesic multipharmacy failed to relieve their severe lower limb pain. On the other hand treatment with Botulinum toxin type A (Botox , Allergan, Inc.) resulted in both pain rel...

Figure 4 4) Constant force on the plunger that automatically depresses when the epidural needle enters the epidural space eliminates the subjective “feel” required with standard LOR syringes. 5) Air Vs Saline: As no subjective feel is required, technically saline is as good as air. Thus by avoiding air complications related to it like, patchy block, risk of venous air embolism can be avoided. 6...

Combined spinal epidural anesthesia is widely used for Caesarean section. Bolus administration of an epidural initial dose introduces the risk of drug flux from the epidural space to the subarachnoid space, and the volume effect of the initial dose may cause epidural top-up and extension of subarachnoid blockade. These problems may be avoided if the initial dose is not administered. This study ...

non of the intervertebral disc space, a gas-containing cyst in the epidural space is a rare disease entity. Intervertebral gas can migrate to the epidural space through ruptures in the annulus fibrosus, and it manifests as squeezed air in the herniated disc, as contained air in the pseudocyst that is without a larger amount of disc material, or as free air. There have been several reports about...

Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) was first described in the medical literature in 1761 and represents a severe infection of the epidural space requiring emergent neurosurgical intervention to avoid permanent neurologic deficits [1]. Epidural abscess is a rare condition, with a reported incidence of 1 ± 2 / 10.000 of all patients admitted to hospital [2]. It is generally thought to be a "very rare,...

background: chronic low back pain is among a wide spread musculoskeletal conditions that is related to disability with high economy cost. there are several treatment modalities for controlling chronic low back pain (clbp), among them high intensity laser therapy (hilt) and epidural blocks (eb) use more commonly. this study aimed to evaluate the benefits and hazards of each of these two methods....

ObjectiveTo determine the intraoperative and early postoperative opioid requirement after ultrasound-guided sciatic and/or femoral nerve block or epidural anaesthesia in dogs undergoing tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO).Study designProspective, masked, pilot, randomized, clinical trial.AnimalsA total of 40 client-owned TPLO.MethodsEach dog was randomly assigned to group SF (combined blo...