Objective: This study tests the hypothesis that epidural anesthesia during, and epidural analgesia after, lower extremity vascular surgery decreases the incidence of postoperative morbidity compared with general anesthesia. Method: Using a prospective, randomized, non-blinded clinical trial design, 82 patients scheduled for lower extremity revascularization surgery were randomized to either epi...

The use of spinal analgesia has been associated with an explosion of publications and the appearance of several comprehensive review articles.t-4 Epidural opioid analgesia has been the most popular technique for a variety of conditions due to the ease with which prolonged analgesia can be obtained by either an infusion or repeated bolus injectioas and the decreased incidence of complications af...

This study aimed to investigate the analgesic efficacy of caudal epidural administration of tramadol in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). A total of 10 dromedary camels of both sexes were selected and randomly assigned to one of two groups to receive epidurally either 1 mg/kg or 2 mg/kg of tramadol hydrochloride. The injections were made into the epidural space at first intercoccygeal jun...

This review describes the beneficial effects of the use of epidural drugs for pre-emptive analgesia, intraoperative analgesia with an inhalant-sparing effect, and prolonged postoperative analgesia. Epidural morphine oxymorphone, or hydromorphone is recommended for use in small animals in combination with a local anesthetic of appropriate duration for procedures involving the hind end, although ...

The management of a patient presenting with unsatisfactory labor epidural analgesia poses a severe challenge for the anesthetist wanting to provide safe anesthetic care for a cesarean delivery. Early recognition of unsatisfactory labor analgesia allows for replacement of the epidural catheter. The decision to convert labor epidural analgesia to anesthesia for cesarean delivery is based on the u...

Postoperative nitrogen balance was monitored in twelve patients undergoing hysterectomy under either epidural analgesia or general anaesthesia. The mean cumulative five-day nitrogen losses were significantly lower after epidural analgesia than after general anaesthesia. Nitrogen sparing presumably results from inhibiting the stress-induced release of catabolic hormones, since epidural analgesia...

A retrospective cohort study of 1597 low-risk pregnancies assessed the effects of obstetrical intervention using logistic regression. Both maternal and neonatal morbidity were low (15.2 percent and 3.8 percent, respectively). Epidural analgesia, oxytocin, or both, were associated with worse maternal outcome, and neonatal outcome was worse when oxytocin was used. However, epidural analgesia seem...

OBJECTIVE To use meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of epidural analgesia on the cesarean delivery rate. DATA SOURCES The MEDLINE data base was searched for articles published in English between January 1981 and April 1992. We also interviewed experts and conducted a bibliographic follow-up and manual review of recent journals published from April to July 1992. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION ...

Of 309 consecutive cases of epidural analgesia provided by obstetricians, 250 set up by junior obstetric staff. Midwives managed the epidural analgesia and gave the top-up doses as part of their traditional role in providing pain relief in labour. This practice was thought to be influential in producing a high sponn epidural analgesic service can safely be provided by obstetricians in a small m...