the time evaluation of quantum entropy in a four-level double- type atomic system is theoretically investigated. quantum entanglement of the atom and its spontaneous emission fields is then discussed via quantum entropy. it is found that the degree of entanglement can be increased by the quantum interference induced by spontaneous emission. the phase dependence of the atom-field entanglement is...

BACKGROUND It is widely recognised that fast, effective hydrolysis of pretreated lignocellulosic substrates requires the synergistic action of multiple types of hydrolytic and some non-hydrolytic proteins. However, due to the complexity of the enzyme mixture, the enzymes interaction with and interference from the substrate and a lack of specific methods to follow the distribution of individual ...

Microbes in soils and other environments produce extracellular enzymes to depolymerize and hydrolyze organic macromolecules so that they can be assimilated for energy and nutrients. Measuring soil microbial enzyme activity is crucial in understanding soil ecosystem functional dynamics. The general concept of the fluorescence enzyme assay is that synthetic C-, N-, or P-rich substrates bound with...

To enable densely deployed base stations (BSs) or access points (APs) to serve an increasing number of users and provide diverse mobile services, we need to improve spectrum utilization in wireless communication networks. Although spectral efficiency (SE) can be enhanced via smart and dynamic resource allocation, interference has become a major impediment in improving SE. There have been numero...

Human erythrocyte glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (o-glucose 6-phosphate :nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.49) was purified by column chromatography with diethylaminoethyl cellulose, calcium phosphate gel, carboxymethyl cellulose, diethylaminoethyl Sephadex, and carboxymethyl Sephadex. A homogeneous preparation was obtained in over-all yield of about 50%. T...

Thymidine kinase activity in rat C6 glioma cells is inhibited by 50 to 70% after 4 hr incubation with 20 mM D-glucosamine. The inhibition is uncompetitive with respect to thymidine, reducing both the apparent Km and Vmax of the enzyme. The inhibition does not appear to be caused by the reversible combination of the enzyme with a cytoplasmic inhibitor, including D-glucosamine and its metabolites...

Human erythrocyte glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (o-glucose 6-phosphate :nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.49) was purified by column chromatography with diethylaminoethyl cellulose, calcium phosphate gel, carboxymethyl cellulose, diethylaminoethyl Sephadex, and carboxymethyl Sephadex. A homogeneous preparation was obtained in over-all yield of about 50%. T...

Human erythrocyte glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (o-glucose 6-phosphate :nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.49) was purified by column chromatography with diethylaminoethyl cellulose, calcium phosphate gel, carboxymethyl cellulose, diethylaminoethyl Sephadex, and carboxymethyl Sephadex. A homogeneous preparation was obtained in over-all yield of about 50%. T...

the types of transmission systems which today are available for long distance transmission of large numbers of telephone circuits are those for coaxial cables and radio links. the number of circuits is increased in both cases in step with development in technique. radio links have for several years been able to transmit 600 telephone circuits per system. and are now being designed for 960 circu...

a field experiment was conducted in research farm of isfahan university of technology, isfahan, iran in 2011 . various weeding periods were investigated on growth and yield of potato under drip tape and furrow irrigation systems. a split plot arrangement was used in a randomized complete block design with three replications. irrigation treatments were included in main plots and periods of weed ...