The study investigates the effect of aluminium oxide nanoparticles as an additive to Madhuca Indica (mahua) methyl ester blends on performance, emission analysis of a single-cylinder direct injection diesel engine operated at a constant speed at different operating conditions. The test fuels are indicated as B10A0.2, B10A0.4, B20A0.2, B20A0.4 and diesel respectively. The results indica...

New two nano- sized Schiff base complexes [M(L)], where L= 2, 2'-((1E, 1E')-(1, 2 phenylen bis (azanylylidene)) bis (methanylylidene)) bis (4-bromo phenolato) and M=Cu or Zn, (a, b complexes) were synthesized by ultrasonic irradiation. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, FT-IR, fluorescence emission, 1H NMR, field emission scanning electron spectroscopy...

Tm3+ , Yb3+  and Tm3+ /Yb3+  doped LaVO4 nanostructures were synthe- sized for the first time by using the hydrothermal method with the aid of La(CH3CO2)3 as  lanthanum source in presence of oleic acid as surfactant. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and ...

This paper proposes per unit coding for combined economic emission load dispatch problem. In the proposed coding, it is possible to apply the percent effects of elements in any number and with high accuracy in objective function. In the proposed per unit coding, each function is transformed into per unit form based on its own maximum value and has a value from 0 to 1. In this paper, particle sw...

In the context of conjugated polymers, especially those of the poly (phenylenevinylene) (PPV) family, which are promising candidates as emission material in light emitting devices such as LEDs, field effect transistors and photovoltaic devices, we have, in the present study, prepared MEH-PPV [Poly [2- methoxy-5-(2’-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylen-evinylene] of low molecular weight and low polydisp...

This paper presents a computational framework for optimal design of non-prismatic reinforced concrete box girder bridges. The variables include the geometry of the cross section, tapered length, concrete strength and reinforcement of box girders and slabs. These are obtained by the enhanced colliding bodies optimization algorithm to optimizing the cost and again CO2 emission. Loading and design...

The Persian Gulf States (Bahrain. Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirate) have dominated the oil and gas sector since the discovery of oil in the region. They are the world largest producers of crude oil, producing about 35 and 25 percent of the world natural gas and crude oil respectively. The use of fossil fuels is directly linked to the release of CO2 into...

The Technical University of Madrid (UPM) is currently studying the different alternatives to reduce air pollution in Spain. The policy design and decision-making for improving Air Quality are based on emission projections up to 2020 under several scenarios. The following step is to evaluate the impact of these scenarios using an Air Quality Model. The US EPA CMAQ modeling system has been select...

Field-emission patterns from a clean tungsten tip apex induced by femtosecond laser pulses have been investigated. Strongly asymmetric field-emission intensity distributions are observed depending on three parameters: (i) the polarization of the light, (ii) the azimuthal, and (iii) the polar orientation of the tip apex relative to the laser incidence direction. In effect, we have realized an ul...