A polarimetric fiber-optic vibration sensor immune to temperature variations is reali2ed by forming coils using a standard single-mode fiber. The phase drift due to the linear birefringence changes induced by a modification of the environmental temperature is balanced by a feedback compression of a non vibrating coil. Experimental results show that without the

The aim of the experiment was to study the impact of high ambient temperature (25°C) around farrowing on crated sows unable to perform thermoregulatory behavior. Twenty sows were housed in 2 farrowing rooms in conventional farrowing crates. In 1 room (CONTROL) temperature was kept at 20°C. In the other room (HEAT) temperature was initially kept at 20°C and gradually raised until it reached 25°C...

I. Eight groups each of four castrated male pigs, 25-30 kg initial body-weight, were kept for periods of 3 weeks in a calorimeter equipped as a pig pen and maintained at either 8" or zoo. At each temperature two feeding levels (g food/kg body-weight per d) were used, 45 and 52 at So, and 39 and 45 at 20'. Metabolizable energy, heat loss and nitrogen balance were measured. 2. Heat loss was highe...

Allen's rule proposes that the appendages of endotherms are smaller, relative to body size, in colder climates, in order to reduce heat loss. Empirical support for Allen's rule is mainly derived from occasional reports of geographical clines in extremity size of individual species. Interspecific evidence is restricted to two studies of leg proportions in seabirds and shorebirds. We used phyloge...

Heat stress in laying hens is prompted by combinations of environmental temperature and humidity that prevent the bird’s thermoregulatory process from effectively dissipating the heat produced during metabolism [32]. High environmental temperature is the major problem faced by laying hens as well as poultry farmers usually in summer months. The ideal temperature for laying hens is about 20°C [2...

The tap density of a granular powder is often linked to the flowability via the Carr index that measures how tight a powder can be packed, under an assumption that more easily packed powders usually flow poorly. Understanding how particles are packed is important for revealing why a powder flows better than others. There are two types of empirical equations that were proposed to fit the experim...

Range margins are spatially complex, with environmental, genetic and phenotypic variations occurring across a range of spatial scales. We examine variation in temperature, genes and metabolomic profiles within and between populations of the subalpine perennial plant Arabidopsis lyrata ssp. petraea from across its northwest European range. Our surveys cover a gradient of fragmentation from large...

We perform molecular dynamics simulations to demonstrate that when a nanodroplet is confined inside a carbon nanotube (CNT), unidirectional motion can be created by a nonzero surface energy gradient. It is found that the water nanodroplet moves along the direction of increasing surface energy. The transportation efficiency of the water nanodroplet is found to be dependent on the surface energy ...

Influence of several operating conditions on luminance decay in a green organic light-emitting diode with tris (8-hydrooxyquinoline) aluminum (Alq3) has been investigated by the analysis of its luminance decay curves. The conditions varied were operating current mode (DC or pulse) and environmental temperature (25–120 oC). The decay curves measured were analyzed by fitting the curves to stretch...