The twentieth century United States provides a natural experiment to measure the strength and persistence of entrepreneurial cultures. Assuming immigrants bear the cultures of their birth place, comparison of revealed entrepreneurial propensities of US immigrant groups in 1910 and 2000 reflected these backgrounds. Two measures of entrepreneurial culture are employed; the first is simply the cha...

The EU-INDIA Cross-Cultural Innovation Network project is concerned with the fostering of proactive collaborations in applied research in socio-economic and entrepreneurial innovations through academic and entrepreneurial networking. The project is rooted in our commitment to human centred systems approaches in science and technology. The Project was set up based on the belief that the establis...

The aim of this paper is to analyze the effect of entrepreneurial experience on firm growth. According to the human capital theory, individuals who have higher ‘human capital’ are more successful than others. Entrepreneurial experience is a kind of human capital and, therefore, should affect firm performance positively. In reality, however, not all types of experience indicate enhanced knowledg...

The relationship between institutional change and entrepreneurship is poorly understood. We build the theory in this area by tracing institutional change in the US electric power industry over a 40-year period. Our analysis shows that environmental jolts mobilize actors to reformulate institutions, resulting in increased entrepreneurial opportunity. When the institutional environment is stable,...

This research suggests that a Darwinian evolution of entrepreneurial spirit played a significant role in the process of economic development and the evolution of inequality within and across societies. The study argues that entrepreneurial spirit evolved nonmonotonically in the course of human history. In early stages of development, the rise in income generated an evolutionary advantage to ent...

Ultrasound has been used to measure diaphragm thickness (Tdi) in the area where the diaphragm abuts the rib cage (zone of apposition). However, the degree of diaphragm thickening during inspiration reported as obtained by one-dimensional M-mode ultrasound was greater than that predicted by using other radiographic techniques. Because two-dimensional (2-D) ultrasound provides greater anatomic de...

The emerging technology enterprises are the important supporter that emerging technology evolves into emerging industry, emerging technology enterprises entrepreneurial ability promotion path is a very complex fuzzy concept, how to improve entrepreneurial ability and this article defines that entrepreneurial ability has become a problem for emerging technology enterprises to keep their competit...

We analyze how entrepreneurial opportunity cost conditions performance. Departing from the common practice of using survival as a measure of entrepreneurial performance, we model both failure and cashout (liquidity event) as conditioned by the same underlying process. High-opportunity-cost entrepreneurs prefer a shorter time to success, even if this also implies failing more quickly, whereas en...

Practitioners generally assert that collaborations with the Open Source software (OSS) community enable software entrepreneurial ventures to achieve superior innovation performance. Nonetheless, to the best of our knowledge, scholars have never tested this assertion. This paper takes a first step towards filling this gap. First, based on the high-tech entrepreneurship literature and the OSS res...

This article examines how sense-making activities in the entrepreneurial, growth-oriented small firm influence performance outcomes. It employs various constructs drawn from the literature and explores how each one affects others, leading to a dynamic model of sense making in the firm. Important constructs include the collective schema the set of moreorless shared beliefs that inform and guide ...