Nowadays, radiography is a necessary procedure in diagnosis and treatment of patients with dental problems. According to the ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) principle, dentists must take radiographs of sufficient quality at the lowest possible radiation dose to the patients. The assessment of patient dose on panoramic radiography is difficult because of dynamic nature of the imaging pro...

INTRODUCTION Radiation dose to patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography (ICA) is relatively high. Guidelines suggest that a local benchmark or diagnostic reference level (DRL) be established for these procedures. This study sought to create a DRL for ICA procedures in Queensland public hospitals. METHODS Data were collected for all Cardiac Catheter Laboratories in Queensland public h...

The aim of this work was to investigate the differences in dose settings and image quality among 10 X-ray systems used for interventional cardiology in Chile. Entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) was measured on a phantom of 20 cm thickness of polymethyl methacrylate slabs. Image quality was evaluated using DICOM images of a test object Leeds TOR 18-FG for cine mode acquisition, through the numeri...

Background: While the benefits of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) are well known in maxillofacial imaging, the use of this modality is not risk-free.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure doses received by patients during maxillofacial imaging with CBCT.Methods: Entrance surface dose (ESD) was measured by using thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) attached to the eyes...

Selection of the appropriate radiation quality is an important aspect of optimisation for every clinical imaging task in radiology, since it affects both image quality and patient dose. Spreadsheet calculations of attenuation and absorption have been applied to basic imaging tasks to provide an assessment of imaging performance for a selection of phosphors used in radiology systems. Contrast, w...

Introduction: Medical uses of radiation have grown very rapidly over in the past two decades, medical uses represent the largest source of exposure to people, The most important methods in medical diagnosis are the useses of diagnostic radiology exams. Although the use of these methods is very beneficial for the treatment of patients, but ionizing radiation produces ion pairs, ...

BACKGROUND Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is a minimally invasive procedure performed under fluoroscopy for the treatment of uterine fibroids and accompanied by radiation exposure. OBJECTIVES To compare ovarian radiation doses during uterine artery embolization (UAE) in patients using conventional digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with those using digital flat-panel technology. PATIE...

Background: In diagnostic radiology there are two reasons for measuring or estimating radiation doses to patients. Firstly measurements provide a means for setting and checking standards of good practice as an aid to the optimization of patient protection. Secondly estimates of the absorbed dose to tissue and organs in the patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 2382 patients were studied t...

Y. Lemoigne and A. Caner (eds.), Radiation Protection in Medical Physics, NATO Science for Peace and Security Series B: Physics and Biophysics 1, DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-0247-9_2, © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2011 Abstract A number of radiation units exist for representing radiation dose to patients, staff, public and quantities for radiation equipment performance in radiological pract...

Several national and international protocols have been established for the dosimetry of x-ray beams used in radiotherapy. For the very low energy x-rays (0.035 mm1.0 mm Al HVL) only two codes are available: the UK IPEMB Code of Practice and the German standard, DIN 6809 Part 4. The measurement of very low energy x-ray beams is normally performed with parallel plate ionization chambers calibrate...