A larger-molecular-weight precursor of enterotoxin A was found in membranes of Staphylococcus aureus and was shown to be the kinetic precursor to the extracellular form of the toxin. Subcellular fractionation revealed that mature enterotoxin A was transiently associated with the cell wall before being released to the extracellular environment.

Studies of staphylococcal food poisoning have been made difficult by the lack of an easy, reliable method for demonstrating the presence of an enterotoxin, elaborated by certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus (Micrococcus pyogenes). The commonly used laboratory animals (guinea pig, mouse, rabbit, rat) are rodents, which as a class lack the appropriate mechanism for vomiting. These animals, th...

Received January 16,1978 SUMMARY: Rat ovarian cells were exposed to cholera enterotoxin, and the effect on progesterone synthesis as well as on protein kinase stimulation was examined. Cholera enterotoxin stimulated ovarian steroidogenesis in a dose dependent manner similar to that of hCG. The stimulation of protein kinase by cholera toxin was followed by a lag period, whereas hCG effect was im...

objective: the number of new cancer cases with considerable mortality is increasing worldwide. since the inability of current therapies in treatment of patients and prevention the progress of tumors with fewer side effects, implementation of new methods is needed. gene therapy has widespread systemic cytotoxic effects against tumor cells. rotavirus nsp4 has been shown to elicit extensive cytoto...

materials and methods two-hundred pasteurized (n = 100) and nonpasteurized (n = 100) cheese samples were collected. the initial isolation was performed on pemba specific medium. antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using several antibiotic disks, according to the guidelines of the clinical laboratory and standards institute. specific primers amplifying the hbla enterotoxin-encoding g...

background and objectives: staphylococcal food poisoning is a gastrointestinal disease, which is caused by consumption of contaminated food with enterotoxins produced by staphylococcus aureus (ses). milk and its products are known sources of food borne diseases. this study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of enterotoxigenic s. aureus strains in organic milk and cheese in tabriz - iran...

results in total, 80 food samples suspected of seb contamination were assessed using the two methods. fifty-four samples were contaminated based on the pcr technique and twenty-six of those were confirmed using the strip assay. conclusions the sensitivity of the sandwich method was approximately 10 ng/ml and that of the competitive method was approximately 250 ng/ml. in the lfd, a highly specif...

abstract background and aims: the number of new cancer cases with considerable mortality is increasing worldwide. since the inability of current therapies in treatment of patients and prevention the progress of tumors with fewer side effects, implementation of new methods is needed. gene therapy has widespread systemic cytotoxic effects against tumor cells. rotavirus nsp4 has been shown to elic...

Background: Clostridium perfringens is known as the most widely distributed pathogenic microorganism in nature. It is an extremely important pathogen of human and domestic animals. In a commonly used classification scheme, C. perfringens is divided into five toxinotypes (A to E) based on the production of four major toxins (alpha, beta, epsilon, and iota). Enterotoxin is not usually used for C....

Background and Aims: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is considered as one of the most dangerous pathogenic bacteria due to the production of extracellular toxins. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of S. aureus and to characterize the recovered strains for their enterotoxin-producing genes in raw cow milk. Materials and Methods: During 9 months duration of the s...