In this paper, we analyze the performance of protocols in a network that consists of both satellite and terrestrial components. One method, proposed by outside research, to improve the performance of network transfers over satellite is to use a performance enhancing proxy often dubbed spoofing. Spoofing involves the transparent splitting of a network connection between the source and destinatio...

The paper addresses the TCP performance enhancing proxy techniques broadly deployed in wireless networks. Drawing on available models for TCP latency, we describe an analytical model for the latency and the buffer requirements related to the split-TCP mechanism. Although the model applicability is broad, we present and evaluate the model in the context of geostationary satellite networks, where...

The all nearest smaller values problem is deened as follows. Let A = (a 1 ; a 2 ; : : :; a n) be n elements drawn from a totally ordered domain. For each a i , 1 i n, nd the two nearest elements in A that are smaller than a i (if such exist): the left nearest smaller element a j (with j < i) and the right nearest smaller element a k (with k > i). We give an O(loglog n) time optimal parallel alg...

The recognition of high risk groups in the setting of occupational standards in the United States really appears to date from the establishment of OSHA of 1970 and the concomitant mandate for the development of criteria for Federal occupational exposure standards. Although the ACGIH recommended threshold limit values (TLV's) had been available as guidelines in increasing numbers since shortly a...

Data generated by a direct choice experiment with over 1,000 US residents was used to estimate their mean willingness to pay for maintaining or enhancing future use or option value, existence and indirect use values. We term these three values the fantasy value of marine habitats, to mimic what some consider these values to be. Iconic fish taxa were used as proxies to represent coral reef, seam...

OBJECTIVE Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) is an MRI technique with potential applications in measuring brain tumor perfusion, but its clinical impact remains to be determined. We assessed the usefulness of IVIM-metrics in predicting survival in newly diagnosed glioblastoma. METHODS Fifteen patients with glioblastoma underwent MRI including spin-echo echo-planar DWI using 13 b-values rangi...

This study examines the contrast between (alveo-)palatal stop bursts and velar stop bursts (/c/ vs. /k/), with particular focus on how the contrast between the two is enhanced in Word-initial vs. Word-medial position. Data are presented from nine speakers of Pitjantjatjara, a language of Central Australia. Analyses show that although there are formant differences between palatal and velar stop ...

The fast-changing growth of new developments in a Malay Royal Town to create attractions with various forms architectural expressions has given direct impression on the street level, affecting survival buildings along heritage area. As result, it will tarnish original character place and disappear image. A deficit visual representation for injecting attachment through traditional plant motif sy...

We propose PET (Personal Elegant assistanT) agent model, an agent model suitable for information kiosk systems supporting mobile users, which provides cyberspace services in user-adaptive manner. PET agent model consists of four types of agents; Interface Agent (IA) which supports user interactions on the terminals, User Agent (UA) which manages user's profiles, Service Agent (SA) which general...