BACKGROUND Selective protein import into the cell nucleus occurs in two steps: binding to the nuclear envelope, followed by energy-dependent transit through the nuclear pore complex. A 60 kD protein, importin, is essential for the first nuclear import step, and the small G protein Ran/TC4 is essential for the second. We have previously purified the 60kD importin protein (importin 60) as a singl...

OBJECTIVE The authors describe a consistent theoretical model of the cellular energy transfer (respiratory chain) by taking into consideration the radiation phenomena of electrons and therapeutic low level laser. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA Biochemical models of the cellular energy transfer regard the classical corpuscular aspect of electrons as the responsible energy carriers, thereby ignoring t...

We studied the photoluminescence and time-resolved photoluminescence from self-assembled bilayers of donor and acceptor nanoparticles (NPs) adsorbed on a quartz substrate through organic linkers. Charge and energy transfer processes within the assemblies were investigated as a function of the length of the dithiolated linker (DT) between the donors and acceptors. We found an unusual linker-leng...

Energy efficiency is the most important issue in research of wireless sensor networks while the routing protocol plays an import role in achieving energy efficiency in WSN. In this paper, the deficiencies of LEACH are analyzed and an improved cluster-based energy efficient routing algorithm called ECHC is proposed. An election weight taking account of the residual energy and concentration of no...

The ability of HIV-1 to transport its pre-integration complex (PIC) into the nucleus of an infected cell during interphase is a unique feature that sets this virus, and the whole group of Len-tiviruses to which it belongs, apart from other retroviruses that have to rely on the dissolution of the nuclear envelope during mitosis for delivery of their genome into the nucleus (1,2). Following initi...

Uptake of geothermal heat pump technology in the UK and corresponding development of a domestic installation industry has progressed significantly in the last decade. This paper summarizes the growth process and reviews the research that has been specifically concerned with conditions in the UK. We discuss the driving forces behind these developments and some of the supporting policy initiative...

Fossil fuels are the dominant form of storable energy, but their share in global energy supply is slowly diminishing due to climate mitigation policies. Alternative production from variable renewable sources for both stationary and mobile use requires some storage. Batteries current frontrunner this application, particularly with Li-ion batteries that reliable highly efficient. However, themsel...

the impact of price changes (at a level of market) on the other market levels (transfer of prices) will affect welfare of producers, marketing agents as well as consumers. in this study, asymmetric tea market is investigated through an application of johansen co-integration analysis and error correction model (ecm model) to time series of 1976-2009. co integration method used in the import mark...

The signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) induces transcription of genes that control differentiation, inflammation, proliferation, and tumor cell invasion. Cytokines such as interleukin-6 and interferon stimulate the specific tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3, which confers its ability to bind consensus DNA targets. In addition, unphosphorylated STAT3 has been demonstrated...

While thewater dependency of water-scarce nations is well understood, this is not the case for countries in temperate and humid climates, even though various studies have shown thatmany of such countries strongly rely on the import of water-intensive commodities from elsewhere. In this studywe introduce amethod to evaluate the sustainability and efficiency of the external water footprint (WF) o...