Duodenal duplication cyst (DDC) is a rare congenital anomaly that typically presents with symptoms during childhood [1]. Acute pancreatitis and biliary obstruction have rarely been reported in adults [2,3]. Twomodalities of treatment havebeendescribed for DDCs: surgical [4,5] and endoscopic, by means of cyst marsupialization [1]. The rationale behind cyst marsupialization is to establish commun...

Choledocholithiasis is a common disorder, especially in patients older than 60 years, as common bile duct stones may be present in 15% to 60% of cases in this special sample of population. Until recently, endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC), which is a very reliable method for visualizing and extracting gallstones in the same session, was considered the gold-standard for suspected chole...

abstract acase of 48-year-old male, hepatitis b cirrhosis , hepatic hydatid cyst, jaundice, fever, chills suffered from severe abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant. he was suffered from acute cholangitis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, and received intravenous antibiotics but his condition rapidly deteriorated to sepsis and severe hepatic failure. the presence of dilated common bil...