Low oxygen conditions in the modern Baltic Sea are exacerbated by human activities; however, anoxic also prevailed naturally over Holocene. Few studies have characterized specific paleoredox (manganous, ferruginous, euxinic) and their frequency southern sub-basins during these ancient events. Here, we apply a suite of isotope systems (Fe, Mo, S) associated elemental proxies (e.g., Fe speciation...