Pyrogenic responses, ranging up to 4.8 F, were induced in cats by oral administration of highly purified staphylococcal enterotoxin B in doses from 10 to 100 mug/kg. Fever was a more sensitive indicator of intoxication than was emesis. Highly purified preparations of enterotoxin A, whether administered intravenously (0.01 to 1.0 mug/kg), orally (10 to 25 mug/kg), or into the cerebral ventricles...

Anticancer agents, such as cisplatin, induce vomiting, nausea, and anorexia. Cisplatin primarily acts on vagal afferents to produce emesis, but little is known about how this drug generates nausea and anorexia. Electrophysiology indicates that cisplatin activates vagal afferents of the common hepatic branch (CHB). Rats lack an emetic response but do ingest kaolin clay (a pica response) when mad...

The antiemetic properties of a novel neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist, FK886 ([3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl][(2R)-2-(3-hydroxy-4-methylbenzyl)-4-{2-[(2S)-2-(methoxymethyl)morpholin-4-yl]ethyl}piperazin-1-yl]methanone dihydrochloride), were studied in dog models of cisplatin- and apomorphine-induced emesis. Intravenously administered FK886 (0.32-1 mg/kg) significantly inhibited cisplatin...

Topal A. , N. Y. Gül: Effects of Dexamethasone, Metoclopramide or Acepromazine on Emesis in Cats Sedated with Xylazine Hydrochloride. Acta Vet. Brno 2006, 75: 299-303. This study was designed to determine antiemetic efficacy of prophylactic administration of dexamethasone, metoclopramide or acepromazine and their influence on sedation in cats sedated with xylazine hydrochloride. Ten healthy adu...

BACKGROUND Quality of life (QoL) has become a major outcome in the treatment of patients with cancer. This study is aimed at examining the impact of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting on QoL of patients with gynecologic cancer in Indonesia. METHODS Chemotherapy-naive patients with gynecologic cancer, who were treated with cisplatin at a dosage 50 mg/m or higher as monotherapy or as part...

BACKGROUND Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most active chemotherapeutic agents but is among the most emetogenic drugs. The emetic side-effects of CDDP-containing intraarterial chemotherapy have not been evaluated in a prospective randomized trial and the efficacy of serotonin antagonists in preventing the emesis associated with this method of CDDP administration has not been assessed. METHODS ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study is to examine the risk of uncontrolled chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) among patients receiving low emetogenic chemotherapy (LEC) with and without granisetron injection as the primary prophylaxis in addition to dexamethasone and metochlopramide. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a single-centre, prospective cohort study. A total of 96 patients...

BACKGROUND The use of opioids for pain management is often associated with nausea and vomiting. Although conventional antipsychotics are often used to counter emesis, they can be associated with extrapyramidal symptoms. However, chronic pain can induce sleep disturbance. The authors investigated the effects of the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine on morphine-induced emesis and the sleep dysreg...

A 16-year-old girl inadvertently swallowed a toothbrush during attempted manual induction of emesis. The 20 cm toothbrush was successfully removed via overtube facilitated endoscopy using a retractable snare while the patient was sedated in the emergency department.

A case is presented describing a new, potentially life threatening complication of vomiting after a 21 year old man presented in shock with a haemoperitoneum caused by violent, self induced emesis.