We developed a simplified microarray test for detecting and identifying mutations in rpoB, katG, inhA, embB, and rpsL and compared the analytical performance of the test to that of phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST). The analytical sensitivity was estimated to be at least 110 genome copies per amplification reaction. The microarray test correctly detected 95.2% of mutations for which ...

The present study was designed to explore the antioxidative status and circulating biochemical markers having a potential role in the pathogenesis of ethambutol (EMB) induced toxic optic neuropathy (TON) among diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Fifty patients under complete therapy of EMB for tuberculosis were included in the present study. Inclusion criteria for patients were to receive EMB e...

BACKGROUND The endomyocardial biopsy has proven to be an integral diagnostic tool for surveillance of cardiac allograft rejection and identification of myocardial diseases. Nevertheless, this invasive procedure is not risk-free. This study focuses on the risk of complications and diagnostic performance of right ventricular endomyocardial biopsy (EMB). METHODS In this single-center retrospecti...

Geometric imperfections on brake rotor surface are well-known for causing periodic variations in brake torque during braking. This leads to brake judder, where vibrations are felt in the brake pedal, vehicle floor and/or steering wheel. Existing solutions to address judder often involve multiple phases of component design, extensive testing and improvement of manufacturing procedures, leading t...

In emb (embryo specific) mutants of maize (Zea mays), the two fertilization products have opposite fates: Although the endosperm develops normally, the embryo shows more or less severe aberrations in its development, resulting in nonviable seed. We show here that in mutant emb8516, the development of mutant embryos deviates as soon as the transition stage from that of wild-type siblings. The ba...

With the development of automobile electrification and intelligence, demand for electro-mechanical braking (EMB) systems is increasing rapidly. This paper reviews status EMB actuator on basis extensive patent literature research. By analyzing basic structure actuator, this decomposes into five modules: service brake module, parking clearance compensation quick-return module sensor module. On st...

BACKGROUND The nosological nature of "idiopathic" arrhythmias and the effect of etiotropic and pathogenetic treatment are often unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS 19 patients (42.6±11.3 years, 9 women) with atrial fibrillation (n = 16), supraventricular (n = 10) and ventricular (n = 4) premature beats, supraventricular (n = 2) and ventricular tachycardia (n = 1), left bundle branch block (n= 2), AV...

BACKGROUND Although resistance to isoniazid (INH) is the most common form of drug resistance seen among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, there have been few studies on the efficacy and optimal duration of treatment for patients with INH-resistant tuberculosis (TB). METHODS We evaluated retrospectively the treatment outcomes of 39 patients who were treated for INH-resistant pulmonary TB. T...

In order to evaluate the Organon Teknika MB/BacT system used for testing indirect susceptibility to the alternative drugs ofloxacin (OFLO), amikacin (AMI), and rifabutin (RIF), and to the usual drugs of standard treatment regimes such as rifampin (RMP), isoniazid (INH), pyrazinamide (PZA), streptomycin (SM), ethambutol (EMB), and ethionamide (ETH), cultures of clinical specimens from 117 patien...