Roots are the frontier of plant body to perceive underground environmental change. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response represents circumvention of cellular stress caused by various environmental changes; however, a limited number of studies are available on the ER stress responses in roots. Here, we report the tunicamycin (TM) -induced ER stress response in Arabidopsis roots by monitorin...

Polyethylene glycol (PEG), which is often used to impose low water potentials (psiw) in solution culture, decreases O2 movement by increasing solution viscosity. We investigated whether this property causes O2 deficiency that affects the elongation or metabolism of maize (Zea mays L.) primary roots. Seedlings grown in vigorously aerated PEG solutions at ambient solution O2 partial pressure (pO2...

The mechanisms that control N-protein-dependent antitermination in the phage lambda life cycle have counterparts in the regulatory systems of other organisms. Here we examine N-dependent antitermination at the intrinsic tR' terminator of lambda to elucidate the regulatory principles involved. The tR' terminator consists of a sequence of six base-pairs along the template at which the transcripti...

Gibberellins (GA) represent a key class of hormone signals that promote plant growth and development (1). A key part of the Green Revolution, which saw crop yields more than double, was the development of new dwarf varieties, many of which were later found to have mutations in the GA pathway (2–4). Thus, understanding GA’s growth regulation represents a prime target for further increasing crop ...